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11.access: n 进入的机会，accessible: adj 可接近的，常用短语：have access to sth可接近，可进入
12.unlimited: adj无限的，反义词：limited, limit: v 限制，n 界限(*)a.He is not very clever and his ability to improve his work is very limited.
b.our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit.c.There is an unlimited number of stars in the sky.
13.entertain: v 娱乐、招待；entertainment: n; entertainer: n 供人娱乐者a.A cinema is a place of entertainment.
b.He may not be a great actor but he is a very popular entertainer.c.He entertains himself with his piano when he is free.
14.demonstrate: v 说明、演示；demonstration: n 15.educational: adj 教育的；education: n 教育；educate：v 使人受教育
a.Higher-education self-taught exam are held twice per year.b.In order to keep up with our times, we have to educate ourselves in the
evening class after work.16.remote: adj 遥远的、偏僻的
17.isolate: v 隔离、孤立，isolated: adj 孤立的；isolation: n 18.instruction: n 教学、指示；instruct: v; instructor: n 指导者
19.conversation: n 谈话，converse with sb about/on sth(正式用法)20.simultaneously: adv at the same time, in the meanwhile
21.risk: n风险；v 冒...的风险，risky: adj有危险的risk doing sth, risk one's a health/fortune/neck
22.privacy: n 隐私，private: adj 私人的23.contact: n/v,短语：make contact with与...接触，结识
a.I don't have much contact with her family.b.I will contact you next month.
24.harm: n/v伤害、损害；harmful, harmless25.expert: n 专家；adj熟练的。expert in/at sth
26.application: n 申请、应用；apply: v B.Intensive reading:
1.By the middle of the century, both radio and television had become established means of transmitting sounds and/or pictures.
译：到二十世纪中叶为止，广播和电视已成为公认的传送声音和/或图象的工具。分析：由于用了时间状语：by the middle of the century,因此要用完成时态。若时间是过去的，用过去完成时；若时间是将来的，用将来完成时。
a.By the end of 2000, we had learned 50 texts.b.By the end of 2003, we will have learned 100 texts.
means: n 单复数同形，方法、手段。 2.In 1964, the olympic Games in Tokyo became the first to be transmitted via
satellite.译:1964年，东京奥林匹克运动会是第一次通过卫星传送的节目。
to be transmitted是动词不定式作定语。 3.The combination of satellites, which transmit information, computers, which
store information, and television, which displays information, will change ever home into an education and entertainment center.
译：卫星传送信息，电脑储存信息，电视播放信息，把三者结合起来能使每个家庭成为一个教育娱乐中心。分析：虽然句子长，但成分简单。the combination是主语，will change是谓语。从satellites, which transmit
information, computers, which store information, and television, which displays information是介词of的宾语。每个词都包含有一个非限定性定语从句。
短语：change sth into sth 4.In theory, every person will have access to an unlimitedamount of
information.(*)译：从理论上讲，人们都能获得无限量的信息。
短语：in theory, have access to sth, amount of sth (un) 5.The most common use of telecommunication satellites, however, has been for
transmitting telephones calls.译：然而，通信卫星最广泛的用途还是电话的传送。注意该句的时态。
6.Telecommunication can make information from around the world available to use quickly and easily.
译：电信使得人们能快捷方便地使用来自世界各地的信息。注意：短语make sth available to sth使...被获得
7.It's important to realize that the same technology that helps us may also harm us.(*)
译：同一技术既可助人也可害人，认识到这点很重要。to realize that the same technology that helps us may also harm
us是真正的主语，it是形式主语。that the same technology that helps us may also harm us是宾语从句；that helps us是定语从句修饰the same technology.
8.It's the intelligentapplication of technology that will lead us to success.(*)
译：只有明智地运用技术才能获得成功。这是一个强调句式。正常的句子应是：The intelligentapplication of technology will lead us to
success.强调句的基本公式：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 其余成分。请注意该句式不能强调谓语部分，只能强调主语、宾语、状语。
Ann had a heavy cold last week.我们可强调主语、宾语、状语。a.It was Ann that/who had a heavy cold last week.
b.It was a heavy cold that Ann had last week.c.It was last week that Ann had a heavy cold.
C. Brief summary about the phrases:1.at the beginning of(1段1行); 2.by the middle of(1段3行); 3.in order to(2段1行);
4.such as(2段1行); 5.pick up(2段5行); 6.be capable of(2段7行); 7.change...into(3段3行); 8.have access to(3段4行); 9.in remote areas(4段3行); 10.for the first time(4段4行);
11.provide sth to sb(5段1行); 12.follow sb's instruction(5段5行); 13.care for(5段5行); 14.at the same time(6段7行); 15.make sth available to sth(7段1-2行); 16.pay
for(7段5行); 17.isolate from(8段1行); 18.as well as(8段4行); 19.prevent from(9段2行); 20.lead to(9段5行); 21.in theory(3段4行)
The 10th lecture of College English oneUnit 8 Text B: What people Don't Know about Air
We all know that without air, we couldn't live. It's like fish couldn't live without water. But do you know if there weren't air, we would have no sound, no
wind or clouds? So if you are interested all of these, please read the text very carefully.
A.New words:1.obvious: adj 明显的，obviously: adv
2.shelter: n/v 掩蔽、庇护；shelter from sth3.atmosphere：n 大气；atmospheric: adj大气的
4.electrical: adj 电的、电气的；electricity: n 电；electrician: n 电工5.existence: n 存在；exist: v存在
6.lightening: n 闪电，thunder:打雷；7.unending: adj不尽的、不停的；ending
8.atomic: adj 原子的，atom: n 原子9.explosion: n 爆炸、爆发；explode: v 爆炸；explosive: n 炸药、adj爆炸性的
B.Grammar point: Subjunctive Mood (2)第一讲中介绍过在非真实条件句中的虚拟语气的主要用法，难点在于句子的时态比真实条件句的时态后退一步。即：现在时→过去时；过去时→过去完成时；将来时→过去将来时；在今天这讲中将继续将它在一些从句中的用法介绍给大家。
1在宾语从句中的用法：1>.在suggest, insist, order, demand, request, command等含有希望、建议、命令等语气的宾语从句中。（*）
句型：主语 + should(省略) + 动词原形a. I suggest that we (should) do it at once.
b. I insist that he (should) give up smoking.2>.在wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，而其时态的用法与非真实条件句一样。（时态后移）
a.I wish I were you.(与现在事实相反的愿望)b.I wish I had learned more. (与过去事实相反的愿望)
c.I wish I would have another chance. (与将来事实相反的愿望)注意区分：wish + 从句：表示不可能实现的愿望，必须用虚拟语气；而hope + 从句：表示可能实现的愿望，不用虚拟语气。
a.He hopes we'll go there with him.b.He wishes we would go there with him.
3>.在would rather后的从句中. 句型：主语 + would rather + 从句（用一般过去时）I would rather you stayed at home.
2.在主语从句中的用法。在下列结构的主语从句中，谓语必须用虚拟语气。见课本p542。考试的考点时should的省略。
3.在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法。当宾语从句中那些使用虚拟语气的动词的名词形式出现在表语从句和同位语从句中时，必须用虚拟语气。即，suggestion, order, insistence,
demand, request etc.a.My suggestion is that we (should) try again.(表语从句)
b.My suggestion that we (should) try again is accepted by them.（同位语从句）4.在定语从句中的用法。
It is time + that + 主语 + 动词的过去时。It is time that you left.
= It is tome for you to leave.5.在含蓄条件句中的用法。
有时一个假设的情况并不是用条件从句表示，而用其它方式表示，称含蓄条件句。1>.用with, without介词结构代替条件从句。
We might have died you without your help.= We might have died if you hadn't helped us.
2>.用相当于if的其它连词表示虚拟结构。常见的连词有：otherwise, in that case, on condition that, provided that, but for, etc.
a.I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you.= I as very busy last week. If I hadn't been busy, I would have come to see you.
b.But for the storm, we should have arrived early.= If we hadn't met the storm, we should have arrived early.
6.在错综时间条件句中的用法。有时非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件句中的谓语动词不是同时发生，这时可按照需要来调整各自的时间。
a. If you had followed the doctor's advice then, you would have be all right now.
主句与从句发生的时间不同，进行调整。b. If you had followed the doctor's advice, you would have been all right then.
主句和从句的动作同时发生。请注意：碰到这种从句要特别注意它的时间状语，必须明确给出时间，否则按同时发生使用。
7.虚拟语气的倒装与省略。符合下列条件，可以省略if,并进行倒装。
①必须是非真实条件句。②只有当从句中出现were, had, should时，才可省略if，并把这些词放在主语之前。
12.unlimited: adj无限的，反义词：limited, limit: v 限制，n 界限(*)a.He is not very clever and his ability to improve his work is very limited.
b.our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit.c.There is an unlimited number of stars in the sky.
13.entertain: v 娱乐、招待；entertainment: n; entertainer: n 供人娱乐者a.A cinema is a place of entertainment.
b.He may not be a great actor but he is a very popular entertainer.c.He entertains himself with his piano when he is free.
14.demonstrate: v 说明、演示；demonstration: n 15.educational: adj 教育的；education: n 教育；educate：v 使人受教育
a.Higher-education self-taught exam are held twice per year.b.In order to keep up with our times, we have to educate ourselves in the
evening class after work.16.remote: adj 遥远的、偏僻的
17.isolate: v 隔离、孤立，isolated: adj 孤立的；isolation: n 18.instruction: n 教学、指示；instruct: v; instructor: n 指导者
19.conversation: n 谈话，converse with sb about/on sth(正式用法)20.simultaneously: adv at the same time, in the meanwhile
21.risk: n风险；v 冒...的风险，risky: adj有危险的risk doing sth, risk one's a health/fortune/neck
22.privacy: n 隐私，private: adj 私人的23.contact: n/v,短语：make contact with与...接触，结识
a.I don't have much contact with her family.b.I will contact you next month.
24.harm: n/v伤害、损害；harmful, harmless25.expert: n 专家；adj熟练的。expert in/at sth
26.application: n 申请、应用；apply: v B.Intensive reading:
1.By the middle of the century, both radio and television had become established means of transmitting sounds and/or pictures.
译：到二十世纪中叶为止，广播和电视已成为公认的传送声音和/或图象的工具。分析：由于用了时间状语：by the middle of the century,因此要用完成时态。若时间是过去的，用过去完成时；若时间是将来的，用将来完成时。
a.By the end of 2000, we had learned 50 texts.b.By the end of 2003, we will have learned 100 texts.
means: n 单复数同形，方法、手段。 2.In 1964, the olympic Games in Tokyo became the first to be transmitted via
satellite.译:1964年，东京奥林匹克运动会是第一次通过卫星传送的节目。
to be transmitted是动词不定式作定语。 3.The combination of satellites, which transmit information, computers, which
store information, and television, which displays information, will change ever home into an education and entertainment center.
译：卫星传送信息，电脑储存信息，电视播放信息，把三者结合起来能使每个家庭成为一个教育娱乐中心。分析：虽然句子长，但成分简单。the combination是主语，will change是谓语。从satellites, which transmit
information, computers, which store information, and television, which displays information是介词of的宾语。每个词都包含有一个非限定性定语从句。
短语：change sth into sth 4.In theory, every person will have access to an unlimitedamount of
information.(*)译：从理论上讲，人们都能获得无限量的信息。
短语：in theory, have access to sth, amount of sth (un) 5.The most common use of telecommunication satellites, however, has been for
transmitting telephones calls.译：然而，通信卫星最广泛的用途还是电话的传送。注意该句的时态。
6.Telecommunication can make information from around the world available to use quickly and easily.
译：电信使得人们能快捷方便地使用来自世界各地的信息。注意：短语make sth available to sth使...被获得
7.It's important to realize that the same technology that helps us may also harm us.(*)
译：同一技术既可助人也可害人，认识到这点很重要。to realize that the same technology that helps us may also harm
us是真正的主语，it是形式主语。that the same technology that helps us may also harm us是宾语从句；that helps us是定语从句修饰the same technology.
8.It's the intelligentapplication of technology that will lead us to success.(*)
译：只有明智地运用技术才能获得成功。这是一个强调句式。正常的句子应是：The intelligentapplication of technology will lead us to
success.强调句的基本公式：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 其余成分。请注意该句式不能强调谓语部分，只能强调主语、宾语、状语。
Ann had a heavy cold last week.我们可强调主语、宾语、状语。a.It was Ann that/who had a heavy cold last week.
b.It was a heavy cold that Ann had last week.c.It was last week that Ann had a heavy cold.
C. Brief summary about the phrases:1.at the beginning of(1段1行); 2.by the middle of(1段3行); 3.in order to(2段1行);
4.such as(2段1行); 5.pick up(2段5行); 6.be capable of(2段7行); 7.change...into(3段3行); 8.have access to(3段4行); 9.in remote areas(4段3行); 10.for the first time(4段4行);
11.provide sth to sb(5段1行); 12.follow sb's instruction(5段5行); 13.care for(5段5行); 14.at the same time(6段7行); 15.make sth available to sth(7段1-2行); 16.pay
for(7段5行); 17.isolate from(8段1行); 18.as well as(8段4行); 19.prevent from(9段2行); 20.lead to(9段5行); 21.in theory(3段4行)
The 10th lecture of College English oneUnit 8 Text B: What people Don't Know about Air
We all know that without air, we couldn't live. It's like fish couldn't live without water. But do you know if there weren't air, we would have no sound, no
wind or clouds? So if you are interested all of these, please read the text very carefully.
A.New words:1.obvious: adj 明显的，obviously: adv
2.shelter: n/v 掩蔽、庇护；shelter from sth3.atmosphere：n 大气；atmospheric: adj大气的
4.electrical: adj 电的、电气的；electricity: n 电；electrician: n 电工5.existence: n 存在；exist: v存在
6.lightening: n 闪电，thunder:打雷；7.unending: adj不尽的、不停的；ending
8.atomic: adj 原子的，atom: n 原子9.explosion: n 爆炸、爆发；explode: v 爆炸；explosive: n 炸药、adj爆炸性的
B.Grammar point: Subjunctive Mood (2)第一讲中介绍过在非真实条件句中的虚拟语气的主要用法，难点在于句子的时态比真实条件句的时态后退一步。即：现在时→过去时；过去时→过去完成时；将来时→过去将来时；在今天这讲中将继续将它在一些从句中的用法介绍给大家。
1在宾语从句中的用法：1>.在suggest, insist, order, demand, request, command等含有希望、建议、命令等语气的宾语从句中。（*）
句型：主语 + should(省略) + 动词原形a. I suggest that we (should) do it at once.
b. I insist that he (should) give up smoking.2>.在wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，而其时态的用法与非真实条件句一样。（时态后移）
a.I wish I were you.(与现在事实相反的愿望)b.I wish I had learned more. (与过去事实相反的愿望)
c.I wish I would have another chance. (与将来事实相反的愿望)注意区分：wish + 从句：表示不可能实现的愿望，必须用虚拟语气；而hope + 从句：表示可能实现的愿望，不用虚拟语气。
a.He hopes we'll go there with him.b.He wishes we would go there with him.
3>.在would rather后的从句中. 句型：主语 + would rather + 从句（用一般过去时）I would rather you stayed at home.
2.在主语从句中的用法。在下列结构的主语从句中，谓语必须用虚拟语气。见课本p542。考试的考点时should的省略。
3.在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法。当宾语从句中那些使用虚拟语气的动词的名词形式出现在表语从句和同位语从句中时，必须用虚拟语气。即，suggestion, order, insistence,
demand, request etc.a.My suggestion is that we (should) try again.(表语从句)
b.My suggestion that we (should) try again is accepted by them.（同位语从句）4.在定语从句中的用法。
It is time + that + 主语 + 动词的过去时。It is time that you left.
= It is tome for you to leave.5.在含蓄条件句中的用法。
有时一个假设的情况并不是用条件从句表示，而用其它方式表示，称含蓄条件句。1>.用with, without介词结构代替条件从句。
We might have died you without your help.= We might have died if you hadn't helped us.
2>.用相当于if的其它连词表示虚拟结构。常见的连词有：otherwise, in that case, on condition that, provided that, but for, etc.
a.I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you.= I as very busy last week. If I hadn't been busy, I would have come to see you.
b.But for the storm, we should have arrived early.= If we hadn't met the storm, we should have arrived early.
6.在错综时间条件句中的用法。有时非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件句中的谓语动词不是同时发生，这时可按照需要来调整各自的时间。
a. If you had followed the doctor's advice then, you would have be all right now.
主句与从句发生的时间不同，进行调整。b. If you had followed the doctor's advice, you would have been all right then.
主句和从句的动作同时发生。请注意：碰到这种从句要特别注意它的时间状语，必须明确给出时间，否则按同时发生使用。
7.虚拟语气的倒装与省略。符合下列条件，可以省略if,并进行倒装。
①必须是非真实条件句。②只有当从句中出现were, had, should时，才可省略if，并把这些词放在主语之前。
- ability [ə´biliti]
n.(办事)能力；才干 (初中英语单词) - educate [´edjukeit] vt.教育；培养；训练 (初中英语单词)
- instructor [in´strʌktə] n.教师；指导者 (初中英语单词)
- contact [´kɔntækt] n.接触；联系 v.联络 (初中英语单词)
- combination [,kɔmbi´neiʃən] n.结合；联合；团体 (初中英语单词)
- entertainment [,entə´teinmənt] n.招(款)待；联欢会 (初中英语单词)
- amount [ə´maunt] n.总数；数量 v.合计 (初中英语单词)
- available [ə´veiləbəl] a.可用的；有效的 (初中英语单词)
- intelligent [in´telidʒənt] a.聪明的；理智的 (初中英语单词)
- application [,æpli´keiʃən] n.申请；申请书；应用 (初中英语单词)
- beginning [bi´giniŋ] n.开始，开端；起源 (初中英语单词)
- capable [´keipəbəl] a.有能力；能干的 (初中英语单词)
- remote [ri´məut] a.遥远的；偏僻的 (初中英语单词)
- suggestion [sə´dʒestʃən] n.建议，提议；暗示 (初中英语单词)
- otherwise [´ʌðəwaiz] ad.另外 conj.否则 (初中英语单词)
- access [´ækses] n.接近；通路；进入 (高中英语单词)
- learned [´lə:nid] a.有学问的，博学的 (高中英语单词)
- unlimited [ʌn´limitid] a.无限的；过渡的 (英语四级单词)
- transmit [trænz´mit, træns-] vt.传送；播送；发射 (英语四级单词)
- summary [´sʌməri] a.&n.摘要(的) (英语四级单词)
文章标签:学英语 大学英语
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