章节正文
b. I found out that he is a cheat.
C.Summary about the phrases:1.in nature(1段2行); 2.be made from/of(2段1行); 3.chang sth into sth(3段2行); 4.be
popular with(5段4行); 5.run out(6段3行); 6.pick up(8段2行); 7.sort out(8段3行); 8.so that(9段8行); 9.stick to(9段10行); 10.find out(10段4行)
Text B:We all know that plants are different form animals. What's their difference?
Most of us will say that plants have leaves and roots and flowers, but animals haven't them. But have you ever found it's true or not? The answer is in the
text.A.New words:
1.beneath: prep 和某物接触并在下面，反义词是on; under:强调垂直在下，反义词over.2.aside: adv 在旁边，短语：put sth aside
3.magnify: v 放大、扩大；magnifying glass:放大镜4.puzzle: v 迷惑；n 智力测验 jigsaw puzzle智力拼图；puzzled, puzzling: adjl; puzzlement: n
a.I'm puzzled by his puzzling answer.b.He stared at those sentences in complete puzzlement.
5.former, latter: Xiao Li is talking with Xiao Zhao. The former is a doctor, and the latter is an engineer.
6.inorganic: adj无机的，organic:有机的7.dissolve: v 溶解、融化
B.Several important sentences:1.You may look at a group of cows standing under the trees or catch a bee at his
early drink in a morning-glory bell, and you would laugh if any one should ask you whether you can tell an animal from a plant.
译：你可能会看着树下的一群奶牛，或者当你捕捉牵牛花里一只正早起采蜜的蜜蜂时，若有人问你能否区分哪是动物，哪是植物，你会觉得好笑。分析：standing under the trees作a group of cows的宾补，类似句型：see sb do/doing sth, hear sb
do/doing sth, etc; you would laugh if any one should ask you whether you can tell an animal from a plant是虚拟语气，对将来某种情况的假设。其中tell sth from sth:区分某事物。I can't
tell her from her twin sister.2.Students of nature are not satisfied with guessing, but they observe, day
after day, the changes which take place in an object; and they see many things which most people would fail to see.
译：大自然的研究者不满意于猜测，而是日复一日地观察物体所发生的变化；他们看到了大多数人没能看到的东西。分析：这是一个并列句，用；隔开。有很多短语需掌握：
①be satisfied with sth:对...满意； ②day after day: 日复一日地；③take place: 发生（偶然）； ④fail to do sth:没有作成...
3.It was long supposed that the main difference between animals and plants was that the former could move about while the latter couldn't.
译：很长一段时间，人们认为动植物的主要差别是前者能移动而后者不能。分析：it是形式主语；真正的主语是that the main difference between animals and plants was that
the former could move about while the latter couldn't。其中又包含有一个表语从句：that the former could move about while the latter couldn't.这两句话的连词that均不能省略。
短语：the difference between sth and sth; move about/around.4.No bird nor fish nor other animal could ever have lived on this earth, if the
plants hadn't come first and fitted it for the dwelling place of a higher order of beings.
译：如果不是先出现植物把地球变为适应更高一级生物生存的地方，就没有鸟，没有鱼，也没有其他动物。分析：本句含有两个语法点：No bird nor fish nor other animal could ever have lived on this
earth否定词在句首需倒装；虚拟语气，对过去某种情况的假设，条件从句if the plants hadn't come first and fitted it for the dwelling place of a higher order of beings，结果主句No bird nor fish nor
other animal could ever have lived on this earth。D.Summary about the phrases:
1.neither...nor（1段5行）; 2.seem to（1段6行）; 3.look up/down（2段1行）; 4.a matter of some difficulty（2段5行）; 5.tell sth from sth（3段4行）; 6.turn aside from（4段1行）; 7.be
satisfied with sth（5段1行）; 8.not...but（5段1行）; 9.day after day（5段2行）; 10.take place（5段2行）; 11.fail to do sth（5段3行）; 12.lie in（5段5行）; 13.hold good（6段5行）;
14.whether...or（7段1行）; 15.live on（7段2行）; 16.fit for（8段4行）; 17.take in（9段3行）; 18.suck up（10段3行）; 19.take up（10段4行）; 20.dissolved in sth（10段4行）; 21.be
different from（11段1行）Grammar knowledge:句子的分类
英语中的句子按其结构可分为四种：简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句。1.简单句：只有一个主语（或多个并列主语）和一个谓语（或多个并列谓语）的句子称为简单句。
a.We learn English.b.My father and mother go to work at 8a.m. and come home at 6p.m.
2.并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。它们中间常用等立连词，或用分号、冒号、逗号等连接。a.I help him and he helps me.
b.I've just got a piece of good news: I was accepted by Xi'an Foreign Language University.
3.复合句：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句是句子的主体，从句只是整个句子的一部分，不能单独作句子。如：我们经常见到的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。a.We should never pretend to know what we don't know.
b.The boy whose father is a pilot has come.c.What I want to say is that you shouldn't give up, even if you have failed
again.4.并列复合句：在一个并列句中的一个或更多的分句中，包含有一个或更多的从句称为并列复合句。
a.Last year I met a boy who is an orphan, and now we have become good friends.b.They always help those who are in trouble and they are respected by them.
详情见p135
The 8th lecture of College English one Unit 7 Text A: Families
We know that family is the basic unit of a society. There are many kinds of families nowadays: nuclear families, extended families, DINK families, the
single parent families, remarried families etc. so let's study families from our text.
A:New words:1.definition: n 定义；动词，下定义：define
2.marriage: n 婚姻，marriage certificate, marry: v; 反义词：divorce3.descend: v 遗传、下来；后裔：descendant,反义词：ancestor 祖先
4.household: n 家庭 adj家庭的 a household name；householder: n 家长、户主；5.relative: n 亲戚，adj 相对的；relate: v relate to; relation: n 关系(*)
a.My uncle is one of my nearest relatives.b.There is no relation between those two events.
c.Does what you say relate to what you have done?6.traditional: adj 传统的；tradition: n; traditionally: adv(*)
a.Drinking tea is a Chinese tradition.b.Traditionally, women stayed at home taking care of the children.
c.He believes in traditional Chinese medicine.7.security: n 安全 the Security Council安理会，security guard保安
8.basically: adv, basic: adj; base9.nuclear: adj 核心的，nucleus: n 核心；nuclear energy核能；nuclear war,nuclear weapon,
nuclear-free area无核区10.extended: adj 延伸的，extended family; extend: v 延伸；extension: n; extensive: adj
广泛的、广阔的（*）a.The extension of the house became a kitchen.
b.The professor has an extensive knowledge of Chinese history.c.They have extended the road from ten miles to sixty miles.
11.agicultural: adj 农业的；agriculture: n 农业12.industrial: adj 工业的；industry: n 工业、行业；industrialize: v 工业化；industrialization:
n (*)a.These cities are highly industrialized.
b.England became the center of the Industrial Revolution.c.The air transport industry is developing very rapidly.
13.earner: n 赚钱者；earn; v 赚钱； earnings: n 赚得的钱14.split: n/v 撕裂、裂口
a.He split the wood with an ax.b.There is a split in the blackboard.
15.social: adj 交际的、社会的；society: n 社会；socialize: v 交往、交际；socialism社会主义16.remarry: marry again;
B.Intensive reading:1...., having a family simply means having children.（*）
译：有家意味着有孩子。主语是动名词，为了平衡整个句子宾语也是动名词。
2.No matter if it is young or old, large or small, traditional or modern, every family has a sense of what a family is.
译：无论年轻还是古老，大还是小，传统还是现代，每个家庭都有自己对其理解和感受。No matter...引导让步状语从句。3.It's that feeling of belongings, of love and security that comes from living
together, helping and sharing.译：那是共同居住、彼此帮助、互相分享而产生的归属感，互爱感和安全感。
4.There are basically two kinds types of families: nuclear families and extended families.(*)
译：家庭大致有两种类型：核心家庭和大家庭。5.The children stay in the nuclear family until they grow up and marry.(*)
译：孩子们在核心家庭中生活一直到长大结婚。6.With the change from an agricultural to an industrial society, many families
moved away from the family home in order to find work.（*）译：随着农业社会向工业社会的转变，许多核心家庭为了寻找工作而从家中搬出去。
7.The nuclear family is becoming smaller as parents want fewer children, and the number of childless families is increasing.（*）
译：由于父母都愿意要更少的孩子，核心家庭日趋缩小，而无子女家庭日益增多。注意：the number of sth后用单数谓语动词。
8.Traditionally, the father of a nuclear family earned money for the family while the mother cared for the house and the children.（*）
译：传统上，核心家庭由父亲挣钱养家，而母亲照看家庭和孩子。短语：care for = take care of
9.Most single parents find it very difficult to take care of a family alone, so they soon marry again... (*)
译：大多数单亲父母发现独自一人照料一个家庭很难，于是很快他们再婚。。。分析：it是形式宾语，短语take care of sth照料、照看。
C.Brief summary about phrases:1.and so on(1段5行); 2.think of sth as sth(1段5行); 3.far away from(1段8行); 4.in
C.Summary about the phrases:1.in nature(1段2行); 2.be made from/of(2段1行); 3.chang sth into sth(3段2行); 4.be
popular with(5段4行); 5.run out(6段3行); 6.pick up(8段2行); 7.sort out(8段3行); 8.so that(9段8行); 9.stick to(9段10行); 10.find out(10段4行)
Text B:We all know that plants are different form animals. What's their difference?
Most of us will say that plants have leaves and roots and flowers, but animals haven't them. But have you ever found it's true or not? The answer is in the
text.A.New words:
1.beneath: prep 和某物接触并在下面，反义词是on; under:强调垂直在下，反义词over.2.aside: adv 在旁边，短语：put sth aside
3.magnify: v 放大、扩大；magnifying glass:放大镜4.puzzle: v 迷惑；n 智力测验 jigsaw puzzle智力拼图；puzzled, puzzling: adjl; puzzlement: n
a.I'm puzzled by his puzzling answer.b.He stared at those sentences in complete puzzlement.
5.former, latter: Xiao Li is talking with Xiao Zhao. The former is a doctor, and the latter is an engineer.
6.inorganic: adj无机的，organic:有机的7.dissolve: v 溶解、融化
B.Several important sentences:1.You may look at a group of cows standing under the trees or catch a bee at his
early drink in a morning-glory bell, and you would laugh if any one should ask you whether you can tell an animal from a plant.
译：你可能会看着树下的一群奶牛，或者当你捕捉牵牛花里一只正早起采蜜的蜜蜂时，若有人问你能否区分哪是动物，哪是植物，你会觉得好笑。分析：standing under the trees作a group of cows的宾补，类似句型：see sb do/doing sth, hear sb
do/doing sth, etc; you would laugh if any one should ask you whether you can tell an animal from a plant是虚拟语气，对将来某种情况的假设。其中tell sth from sth:区分某事物。I can't
tell her from her twin sister.2.Students of nature are not satisfied with guessing, but they observe, day
after day, the changes which take place in an object; and they see many things which most people would fail to see.
译：大自然的研究者不满意于猜测，而是日复一日地观察物体所发生的变化；他们看到了大多数人没能看到的东西。分析：这是一个并列句，用；隔开。有很多短语需掌握：
①be satisfied with sth:对...满意； ②day after day: 日复一日地；③take place: 发生（偶然）； ④fail to do sth:没有作成...
3.It was long supposed that the main difference between animals and plants was that the former could move about while the latter couldn't.
译：很长一段时间，人们认为动植物的主要差别是前者能移动而后者不能。分析：it是形式主语；真正的主语是that the main difference between animals and plants was that
the former could move about while the latter couldn't。其中又包含有一个表语从句：that the former could move about while the latter couldn't.这两句话的连词that均不能省略。
短语：the difference between sth and sth; move about/around.4.No bird nor fish nor other animal could ever have lived on this earth, if the
plants hadn't come first and fitted it for the dwelling place of a higher order of beings.
译：如果不是先出现植物把地球变为适应更高一级生物生存的地方，就没有鸟，没有鱼，也没有其他动物。分析：本句含有两个语法点：No bird nor fish nor other animal could ever have lived on this
earth否定词在句首需倒装；虚拟语气，对过去某种情况的假设，条件从句if the plants hadn't come first and fitted it for the dwelling place of a higher order of beings，结果主句No bird nor fish nor
other animal could ever have lived on this earth。D.Summary about the phrases:
1.neither...nor（1段5行）; 2.seem to（1段6行）; 3.look up/down（2段1行）; 4.a matter of some difficulty（2段5行）; 5.tell sth from sth（3段4行）; 6.turn aside from（4段1行）; 7.be
satisfied with sth（5段1行）; 8.not...but（5段1行）; 9.day after day（5段2行）; 10.take place（5段2行）; 11.fail to do sth（5段3行）; 12.lie in（5段5行）; 13.hold good（6段5行）;
14.whether...or（7段1行）; 15.live on（7段2行）; 16.fit for（8段4行）; 17.take in（9段3行）; 18.suck up（10段3行）; 19.take up（10段4行）; 20.dissolved in sth（10段4行）; 21.be
different from（11段1行）Grammar knowledge:句子的分类
英语中的句子按其结构可分为四种：简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句。1.简单句：只有一个主语（或多个并列主语）和一个谓语（或多个并列谓语）的句子称为简单句。
a.We learn English.b.My father and mother go to work at 8a.m. and come home at 6p.m.
2.并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。它们中间常用等立连词，或用分号、冒号、逗号等连接。a.I help him and he helps me.
b.I've just got a piece of good news: I was accepted by Xi'an Foreign Language University.
3.复合句：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句是句子的主体，从句只是整个句子的一部分，不能单独作句子。如：我们经常见到的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。a.We should never pretend to know what we don't know.
b.The boy whose father is a pilot has come.c.What I want to say is that you shouldn't give up, even if you have failed
again.4.并列复合句：在一个并列句中的一个或更多的分句中，包含有一个或更多的从句称为并列复合句。
a.Last year I met a boy who is an orphan, and now we have become good friends.b.They always help those who are in trouble and they are respected by them.
详情见p135
The 8th lecture of College English one Unit 7 Text A: Families
We know that family is the basic unit of a society. There are many kinds of families nowadays: nuclear families, extended families, DINK families, the
single parent families, remarried families etc. so let's study families from our text.
A:New words:1.definition: n 定义；动词，下定义：define
2.marriage: n 婚姻，marriage certificate, marry: v; 反义词：divorce3.descend: v 遗传、下来；后裔：descendant,反义词：ancestor 祖先
4.household: n 家庭 adj家庭的 a household name；householder: n 家长、户主；5.relative: n 亲戚，adj 相对的；relate: v relate to; relation: n 关系(*)
a.My uncle is one of my nearest relatives.b.There is no relation between those two events.
c.Does what you say relate to what you have done?6.traditional: adj 传统的；tradition: n; traditionally: adv(*)
a.Drinking tea is a Chinese tradition.b.Traditionally, women stayed at home taking care of the children.
c.He believes in traditional Chinese medicine.7.security: n 安全 the Security Council安理会，security guard保安
8.basically: adv, basic: adj; base9.nuclear: adj 核心的，nucleus: n 核心；nuclear energy核能；nuclear war,nuclear weapon,
nuclear-free area无核区10.extended: adj 延伸的，extended family; extend: v 延伸；extension: n; extensive: adj
广泛的、广阔的（*）a.The extension of the house became a kitchen.
b.The professor has an extensive knowledge of Chinese history.c.They have extended the road from ten miles to sixty miles.
11.agicultural: adj 农业的；agriculture: n 农业12.industrial: adj 工业的；industry: n 工业、行业；industrialize: v 工业化；industrialization:
n (*)a.These cities are highly industrialized.
b.England became the center of the Industrial Revolution.c.The air transport industry is developing very rapidly.
13.earner: n 赚钱者；earn; v 赚钱； earnings: n 赚得的钱14.split: n/v 撕裂、裂口
a.He split the wood with an ax.b.There is a split in the blackboard.
15.social: adj 交际的、社会的；society: n 社会；socialize: v 交往、交际；socialism社会主义16.remarry: marry again;
B.Intensive reading:1...., having a family simply means having children.（*）
译：有家意味着有孩子。主语是动名词，为了平衡整个句子宾语也是动名词。
2.No matter if it is young or old, large or small, traditional or modern, every family has a sense of what a family is.
译：无论年轻还是古老，大还是小，传统还是现代，每个家庭都有自己对其理解和感受。No matter...引导让步状语从句。3.It's that feeling of belongings, of love and security that comes from living
together, helping and sharing.译：那是共同居住、彼此帮助、互相分享而产生的归属感，互爱感和安全感。
4.There are basically two kinds types of families: nuclear families and extended families.(*)
译：家庭大致有两种类型：核心家庭和大家庭。5.The children stay in the nuclear family until they grow up and marry.(*)
译：孩子们在核心家庭中生活一直到长大结婚。6.With the change from an agricultural to an industrial society, many families
moved away from the family home in order to find work.（*）译：随着农业社会向工业社会的转变，许多核心家庭为了寻找工作而从家中搬出去。
7.The nuclear family is becoming smaller as parents want fewer children, and the number of childless families is increasing.（*）
译：由于父母都愿意要更少的孩子，核心家庭日趋缩小，而无子女家庭日益增多。注意：the number of sth后用单数谓语动词。
8.Traditionally, the father of a nuclear family earned money for the family while the mother cared for the house and the children.（*）
译：传统上，核心家庭由父亲挣钱养家，而母亲照看家庭和孩子。短语：care for = take care of
9.Most single parents find it very difficult to take care of a family alone, so they soon marry again... (*)
译：大多数单亲父母发现独自一人照料一个家庭很难，于是很快他们再婚。。。分析：it是形式宾语，短语take care of sth照料、照看。
C.Brief summary about phrases:1.and so on(1段5行); 2.think of sth as sth(1段5行); 3.far away from(1段8行); 4.in
- standing [´stændiŋ]
n.持续 a.直立的 (初中英语单词) - supposed [sə´pəuzd] a.想象的；假定的 (初中英语单词)
- dwelling [´dweliŋ] n.住所；寓所 (初中英语单词)
- pretend [pri´tend] v.假装；借口；妄求 (初中英语单词)
- relate [ri´leit] v.阐明；使联系；涉及 (初中英语单词)
- security [si´kjuəriti] n.安全；证券；抵押品 (初中英语单词)
- extensive [ik´stensiv] a.广阔的；大量的 (初中英语单词)
- industrial [in´dʌstriəl] a.工业的，产业的 (初中英语单词)
- transport [træn´spɔ:t] n.运输；流放 (初中英语单词)
- agricultural [ægri´kʌltʃər(ə)l] a.农业的 (初中英语单词)
- orphan [´ɔ:fən] n.&a.孤儿 vt.使成孤儿 (高中英语单词)
- certificate [sə´tifikət] n.执照；文凭 vt.批准 (高中英语单词)
- extension [ik´stenʃən] n.延长；扩展；延期 (高中英语单词)
- traditional [trə´diʃənəl] a.传统的，习惯的 (英语四级单词)
- belongings [bi´lɔŋiŋz] n.所有物；行李 (英语四级单词)
- summary [´sʌməri] a.&n.摘要(的) (英语四级单词)
- extended [iks´tendid] a.伸长的；广大的 (英语六级单词)
- taking [´teikiŋ] a.迷人的 n.捕获物 (英语六级单词)
- earnings [´ə:niŋz] n.收益；报酬；获得 (英语六级单词)
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