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flaunting feathers of their head-dresses.



The Kansas campaign, which Miss Anthony, Mrs.

Catt, Mrs. Johns, and I conducted in 1894, held a



special interest, due to the Populist movement.

There were so many problems before the people--



prohibition, free silver, and the Populist propaganda

--that we found ourselves involved in the bitterest



campaign ever fought out in the state. Our desire,

of course, was to get the indorsement of the differ-



ent political parties and religious bodies, We suc-

ceeded in obtaining that of three out of four of the



Methodist Episcopal conferences--the Congrega-

tional, the Epworth League, and the Christian En-



deavor League--as well as that of the State Teachers'

Association, the Woman's Christian Temperance



Union, and various other religious and philanthropic

societies. To obtain the indorsement of the polit-



ical parties was much more difficult, and we were

facing conditions in which partial success was worse



than complete failure. It had long been an un-

written law before it became a written law in our



National Association that we must not take partisan

action or line up with any one political party. It



was highly important, therefore, that either all

parties should support us or that none should.



The Populist convention was held in Topeka be-

fore either the Democratic or Republican convention,



and after two days of vigorous fighting, led by Mrs.

Anna Diggs and other prominent Populist women,



a suffrage plank was added to the platform. The

Populist party invited me, as a minister, to open



the convention with prayer. This was an innova-

tion, and served as a wedge for the admission of



women representatives of the Suffrage Association

to address the convention. We all did so, Miss



Anthony speaking first, Mrs. Catt second, and I

last; after which, for the first time in history, the



Doxology was sung at a political convention.

At the Democratic convention we made the same



appeal, and were refused. Instead of indorsing us,

the Democrats put an anti-suffrage plank in their



platform--but this, as the party had little standing

in Kansas, probably did us more good than harm.



Trouble came thick and fast, however, when the

Republicans, the dominant party in the state, held



their convention; and a mighty struggle began over

the admission of a suffrage plank. There was a



Woman's Republican Club in Kansas, which held

its convention in Topeka at the same time the



Republicans were holdingtheirs. There was also

a Mrs. Judith Ellen Foster, who, by stirring up op-



position in this Republican Club against the in-

sertion of a suffrage plank, caused a serious split in



the convention. Miss Anthony, Mrs. Catt, and I,

of course, urged the Republican women to stand by



their sex, and to give their support to the Republi-

cans only on condition that the latter added suffrage



to their platform. At no time, and in no field of

work, have I ever seen a more bitter conflict in prog-



ress than that which raged for two days during this

Republican women's convention. Liquor-dealers,



joint-keepers, ``boot-leggers,'' and all the lawless

element of Kansas swung into line at a special con-



vention held under the auspices of the Liquor

League of Kansas City, and cast their united weight



against suffrage by threatening to deny their votes

to any candidate or political party favoring our



Cause. The Republican women's convention finally

adjourned with nothing accomplished except the



passing of a resolutionmildly requesting the Re-

publican party to indorse woman suffrage. The



result was, of course, that it was not indorsed by

the Republican convention, and that it was defeated



at the following election.




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