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unit 6 大学英语自学教程下册笔记及历年考点-第2页

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3. The fault is produced when rocks near each other are pulled in different directions.

in different directions 意思是"以不同的方向"。名词 direction 前面的介词常用 in。

4. The best-known fault in North America is the San Andreas fault in the state of California in the United States.

the best-known 意为"最有名的"。

P.153

第二段：

1. The nations that are actively involved in earthquakeprediction programs include Japan, China, Russia, and the United States.

be involved in 意思是"从事、参与"。

2. These countries have set up seismic networks in areas of their countries where earthquakes are known to occur.

set up 意为"建立"；where 引导定语从句，修饰 areas；are known to occur 相当于 are thought to occur，意思是 "据认为会发生"。

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Unit 6(第 13-----14 讲)

3. These networks are on the alert for warning signs that show the weakening of rock layers that can precede an earthquake.

on the alert 意思是"处于戒备状态、警戒"；句中第一个 that 从句是 warning signs 的定语从句，第二个 that 从 句是 the weakening 的定语从句。

4. Many kinds of seismic instruments are used by the networks to monitor the movements of the earth's curst.

to monitor the movements …是不定式短语，充当目的状语成分。

5. The scientists also check water in deep wells. 6. They watch for changes in the water level and temperature that are associated with movement along faults.

watch for 意思是"监视、守卫"；be associated with 意为"与…有联系"。 第三段：

1. Scientists in China,Russia,and the United States measure radon in ground water. 2. Radon is a gas that comes from the radioactive decay of radium in rocks.

come from 意思是"来自"；that comes from … 是定语从句，修饰前面的 a gas。

3. The gas flows through the ground and dissolves in underground streams and wells. 4. Scientists speculate that the amount of radon increases in the ground when rocks layers shift, exposing new rock, and thus more radon.

该句是主从复合句， speculate 后接 that 引导的宾语从句， 从句中含有 when 引导的时间状语从句； amount the of 意思是"…的数量"， 后接不可数名词， 试比较 a large amount of 许多、 （ 大量） 该短语也可接不可数名词； ， exposing new rock 是现在分词短语，充当伴随状语；更正：rocks layers 应改为 rock layers。

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Unit 6(第 13-----14 讲)

5. Chinese and Russian scientists have reported that in places where stress is building up, the radon levels of the water build up too.

build up 在此句中是不及物动词，意思是"增加、增多、增长、提高"。

6. When the radon levels of the water subside and drop back to normalreadings,an earthquke may occur. 7. United States scientists have also placed radon monitoring stations in earthquake zones, particularly California.

此句中的 place 相当于 set up，意思是"建立"。

8. However, all the scientists agree that more data is necessary to prove that radon levels in water are associated with the possible birth of an earthquake.

be associated with 意思是"与…有联系"。 第四段：

1. Earthquake prediction is still a young science. 2. Everyone agrees that earthquakes cannot be predicted with any reliability.

cannot 表示"不可能"，是完全否定。

3. Scientists have only a partial understanding of the physical processes that cause earthquakes.

that cause earthquakes 是定语从句，可改为现在分词短语 causing earthquakes，修饰 the physical processes。

4. Much more research has to be done.

此句句首的 much 用来修饰比较级。

5. New and more up-to-date methods have to be found for collecting earthquake data and analyzing it.

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Unit 6(第 13-----14 讲)

6. However, scientists have had some success in predicting earthquakes.

have some success in 意思是"在…方面取得一些成功"；success, successful 和 succeed 都与介词 in 搭配。

7. Several small earthquakes were predicted in New York State,in the eastern part of the United States. 8. Chinese scientists predicted a major one in Haicheng in 1975,and Russian scientists predicted a major one in Garm in 1978. 9. While this is a small start, it is still a beginning.

句首 while 意思是"尽管、虽然"，引导让步状语从句；still 含有"但仍、毕竟、 （尽管…， ）但仍然"。

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