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3. On average, about ￡5,000 a year is spent on each privateschool pupil, more than twice the amount spent on state school pupils.
On average = On the average 平均
每个在私立学校读书的学生平均每年要花费约5000英镑，是每个国立学校学生花费的两倍多。
4. And how can they prepare theirpupils for the special entrance exam to Oxford University,which requires extra preparation, and for which many publicschool pupils traditionally stay at school and do an additional term?
which 和for which都是引导定语从句修饰exam
5. When it comes to Oxfordand Cambridge being elitist because of the number of private school pupils theyaccept, professor Stone of Oxford University argues that there is a simple facthe and his associates cannot ignore:
When it comes to … "当谈及，涉及…时"
例如：When it comes to our childrentaking the exam, I almost know nothing.
当谈到孩子们的考试，我一无所知。
6. And it may be worthremembering that while John Major didn't himself go to Oxbridge, mostof his ministers did.
be worth + 动名词 用主动式表示被动含义
例如：This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读
The film is worth seeing. 此电影值得一看。
Unit 3 练习
1.词汇英译汉
. weaken . deteriorate .debate .legal. request . criterion . ensure . oppose traditionconsideration disabled .burden vulnerable prohibitionsensitive
词组：. to debate on . to make requestfor be opposed to . to take … into account
2.句子英译汉（重点句）
Affected with a serious disease,van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope ofrecovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.
Van Wendel's last threemonths of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor werefilmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.
The programme has since beenbought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debateon the subject.
What those people who opposeeuthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right.
The guidelines demand that thepatient is experiencing extremesuffering , that there is no chance of a cure,and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .
I think that anything that legallyallows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.
3.句子汉译英 P.59
安乐死的确能解除临终病人的痛苦。
Euthanasia can really help rid thedying patients of extremesuffering .
Euthanasia does release the dyingpeople from their suffering .
你知道不知道荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家?
Do you know that the Netherlandsis the only country in Europe that permits euthanasia ?
支持这一观点的医生并不意味着他们不关心病人。
Those doctors who support the ideanever mean they don't care about / for patients .
在第一个医生诊断疾病之后，必须由另外一名医生确认病情。
After the first doctor hasdiagnosed the illness , a second doctor must confirm the case .
反对者认为病人并不一定真正希望结束生命，可能请求之后另有他求。
Opponents think patients may notreally want to end their lives, and probably there is another request behindthe request .
历年考题：
1. The film ______（show） Cees Van Wendel's death was both moving and sensitive. （99.10）
答案： showing . 考点：showing 是现在分词作定语修饰the film .
2. Each time the programmer of VanWendal's last days before euthanasia was showed on TV, it starts anationwide debate ______ the subject. （99.10）
A. for
B. against
C. on
D. of
答案： C . 考点：词组debate on 对… 的争论。
3. 汉译英：每次播放这个节目，都引起对此话题的全国性大辩论。（99.10）
答案： Each time it is shown , thisprogram starts a nationwide debate on the subject.
4. 汉译英 ： 据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。（00.10）
答案： The patient is said to have askedthe doctor to help him die.
（ 或者： It is said that the patient hasasked the doctor to help him die .）
语法：一致关系
一致关系是指句子成分之间须在人称、数、性等方面保持一致。在英语中最主要的一致关系是主语和谓语动词之间数的一致，即主谓一致。其次，人称代词和它们所指的对象之间也要保此一致。
一、主谓一致
在现代英语中主谓一致基本遵循如下原则：
语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
二、代词一致
代词一致是指句子中代词应在数、性、人称等方面保持一致，或代词和它所指代的名词词组在某些方面保此一致。
On average = On the average 平均
每个在私立学校读书的学生平均每年要花费约5000英镑，是每个国立学校学生花费的两倍多。
4. And how can they prepare theirpupils for the special entrance exam to Oxford University,which requires extra preparation, and for which many publicschool pupils traditionally stay at school and do an additional term?
which 和for which都是引导定语从句修饰exam
5. When it comes to Oxfordand Cambridge being elitist because of the number of private school pupils theyaccept, professor Stone of Oxford University argues that there is a simple facthe and his associates cannot ignore:
When it comes to … "当谈及，涉及…时"
例如：When it comes to our childrentaking the exam, I almost know nothing.
当谈到孩子们的考试，我一无所知。
6. And it may be worthremembering that while John Major didn't himself go to Oxbridge, mostof his ministers did.
be worth + 动名词 用主动式表示被动含义
例如：This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读
The film is worth seeing. 此电影值得一看。
Unit 3 练习
1.词汇英译汉
. weaken . deteriorate .debate .legal. request . criterion . ensure . oppose traditionconsideration disabled .burden vulnerable prohibitionsensitive
词组：. to debate on . to make requestfor be opposed to . to take … into account
2.句子英译汉（重点句）
Affected with a serious disease,van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope ofrecovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.
Van Wendel's last threemonths of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor werefilmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.
The programme has since beenbought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debateon the subject.
What those people who opposeeuthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right.
The guidelines demand that thepatient is experiencing extremesuffering , that there is no chance of a cure,and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .
I think that anything that legallyallows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.
3.句子汉译英 P.59
安乐死的确能解除临终病人的痛苦。
Euthanasia can really help rid thedying patients of extremesuffering .
Euthanasia does release the dyingpeople from their suffering .
你知道不知道荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家?
Do you know that the Netherlandsis the only country in Europe that permits euthanasia ?
支持这一观点的医生并不意味着他们不关心病人。
Those doctors who support the ideanever mean they don't care about / for patients .
在第一个医生诊断疾病之后，必须由另外一名医生确认病情。
After the first doctor hasdiagnosed the illness , a second doctor must confirm the case .
反对者认为病人并不一定真正希望结束生命，可能请求之后另有他求。
Opponents think patients may notreally want to end their lives, and probably there is another request behindthe request .
历年考题：
1. The film ______（show） Cees Van Wendel's death was both moving and sensitive. （99.10）
答案： showing . 考点：showing 是现在分词作定语修饰the film .
2. Each time the programmer of VanWendal's last days before euthanasia was showed on TV, it starts anationwide debate ______ the subject. （99.10）
A. for
B. against
C. on
D. of
答案： C . 考点：词组debate on 对… 的争论。
3. 汉译英：每次播放这个节目，都引起对此话题的全国性大辩论。（99.10）
答案： Each time it is shown , thisprogram starts a nationwide debate on the subject.
4. 汉译英 ： 据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。（00.10）
答案： The patient is said to have askedthe doctor to help him die.
（ 或者： It is said that the patient hasasked the doctor to help him die .）
语法：一致关系
一致关系是指句子成分之间须在人称、数、性等方面保持一致。在英语中最主要的一致关系是主语和谓语动词之间数的一致，即主谓一致。其次，人称代词和它们所指的对象之间也要保此一致。
一、主谓一致
在现代英语中主谓一致基本遵循如下原则：
语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
二、代词一致
代词一致是指句子中代词应在数、性、人称等方面保持一致，或代词和它所指代的名词词组在某些方面保此一致。
- advantage [əd´vɑ:ntidʒ]
n.优势；利益 (初中英语单词) - privilege [´privilidʒ] n.特权 vt.给….特权 (初中英语单词)
- profession [prə´feʃən] n.职业；声明；表白 (初中英语单词)
- employment [im´plɔimənt] n.工作；职业；雇用 (初中英语单词)
- appoint [ə´pɔint] vt.安排；委派；任命 (初中英语单词)
- fiercely [´fiəsli] ad.凶猛地，残忍地 (初中英语单词)
- additional [ə´diʃənəl] a.附加的，额外的 (初中英语单词)
- abolish [ə´bɔliʃ] vt.废除；废止；取消 (初中英语单词)
- performance [pə´fɔ:məns] n.履行；行为；工作 (初中英语单词)
- vision [´viʒən] n.视觉；想象力；幻影 (初中英语单词)
- amount [ə´maunt] n.总数；数量 v.合计 (初中英语单词)
- research [ri´sə:tʃ] n.&vi.调查；探究；研究 (初中英语单词)
- belief [bi´li:f] n.相信；信仰，信条 (初中英语单词)
- sometime [´sʌmtaim] ad.曾经 a.从前的 (初中英语单词)
- absolutely [´æbsəlu:tli] ad.绝对地；确实 (初中英语单词)
- intelligent [in´telidʒənt] a.聪明的；理智的 (初中英语单词)
- compete [kəm´pi:t] v.比赛，竞争，对抗 (初中英语单词)
- encourage [in´kʌridʒ] vt.鼓励；怂勇；促进 (初中英语单词)
- learning [´lə:niŋ] n.学习；学问；知识 (初中英语单词)
- concentration [,kɔnsən´treiʃən] n.集中，专心 (初中英语单词)
- minister [´ministə] n.部长；大臣 v.伺候 (初中英语单词)
- preparation [,prepə´reiʃən] n.准备；预习(时间) (初中英语单词)
- debate [di´beit] n.&v.讨论，辩论 (初中英语单词)
- tradition [trə´diʃən] n.传统；惯例；传说 (初中英语单词)
- consideration [kən,sidə´reiʃən] n.考虑；原因；体谅 (初中英语单词)
- prohibition [,prəuhi´biʃən] n.禁止；禁令；禁酒 (初中英语单词)
- extreme [ik´stri:m] a.尽头的 n.极端 (初中英语单词)
- suffering [´sʌfəriŋ] n.痛苦；灾害 (初中英语单词)
- release [ri´li:s] vt&n.释放；放松；赦免 (初中英语单词)
- illness [´ilnis] n.生病，不健康，疾病 (初中英语单词)
- confirm [kən´fə:m] vt.证实；认可；加强 (初中英语单词)
- conspiracy [kən´spirəsi] n.密谋；协同作用 (高中英语单词)
- senior [´si:niə] a.年长的 n.前辈 (高中英语单词)
- applicant [´æplikənt] n.请求者；申请人 (高中英语单词)
- recruit [ri´kru:t] n.新兵 v.征募(新兵) (高中英语单词)
- equivalent [i´kwivələnt] a.相等的 n.同等物 (高中英语单词)
- refusal [ri´fju:zəl] n.拒绝；优先取舍权 (高中英语单词)
- oxford [´ɔksfəd] n.牛津 (高中英语单词)
- cambridge [´keimbridʒ] n.剑桥 (高中英语单词)
- decided [di´saidid] a.明显的；决定的 (高中英语单词)
- harvard [´hɑ:vəd] n.哈佛大学 (高中英语单词)
- related [ri´leitid] a.叙述的；有联系的 (高中英语单词)
- seeing [si:iŋ] see的现在分词 n.视觉 (高中英语单词)
- weaken [´wi:kən] v.(使)弱化；衰弱；稀薄 (高中英语单词)
- repeated [ri´pi:tid] a.反复的；重复的 (高中英语单词)
- sensitive [´sensitiv] a.敏感的；感光的 (高中英语单词)
- network [´netwə:k] n.网状物 vt.联播 (英语四级单词)
- unfair [ʌn´feə] a.不公平的；不正直的 (英语四级单词)
- competitive [kəm´petitiv] a.竞争的，比赛的 (英语四级单词)
- accessible [ək´sesəbəl] a.易接近的；可到达的 (英语四级单词)
- academic [,ækə´demik] a.学术的 n.大学学生 (英语四级单词)
- excellence [´eksələns] n.优秀；杰出；优点 (英语四级单词)
- astray [ə´strei] ad.&a.在歧途上(的) (英语四级单词)
- bridge [bridʒ] n.桥(梁)；鼻梁；桥牌 (英语四级单词)
- chicago [ʃi´kɑ:gəu] n.芝加哥 (英语四级单词)
- wanting [´wɔntiŋ, wɑ:n-] a.短缺的；不足的 (英语六级单词)
- disagree [,disə´gri:] vi.不同意 (英语六级单词)
- shortening [´ʃɔ:tniŋ] n.缩短 (英语六级单词)
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文章标签:学英语 大学英语
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