Unit 7 Earthquakes

　　Lesson 25

　　1.at the time of...

　　at the time of...意思是"在......时候"，后面常接名词或名词词组。例如

　　He was very brave at the time of danger.

　　2.fall off fall off意思为"从......掉/摔下来"，off可用作介词，后接名词、代词等，也可用作副词。例如

　　Ripe apples are beginning to fall off the trees.成熟的苹果开始从树上落下来。

　　2.I felt the floor move.

　　feel这里用作及物动词，意思是"感到"，后面接复合宾语，即宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语通常是不带to的动词不定式或现在分词，结构是:feel...do/doing。例如

　　I felt my heart beating fast.我感到我的心正在快速跳动。

　　We both felt the desk shake just now.我们都感到刚才桌子摇晃了一下。

　　3.I watched all the glasses fall off.

　　这里watch用作及物动词，意思是"观察，观看"，后接复合宾语，复合宾语中的宾语补足语通常是不带to的不定式或现在分词，意思稍有区别。watch sb./sth.do意思是"观看某人/某事做了......"，表示看到事情发生的全部过程，而watch sb./sth.doing意思是"观看某人/某事正在做......"，表示看到事情正在发生的情形，并不一定指看到全过程。例如

　　We watched the sun rise from the east.

　　She watched her son swimming in the swimming pool.

　　4.Carl， what does"quake" mean， as in the word"earthˉquake"?卡尔，"earthquake"里的"quake"是什么意思?as in the word"earthquake"是省略句，原句应为as it is in the word earthquake。as是连词，意思是"如"，"像"。

　　as可以作连词、介词和关系代词。现将as的用法小结如下

　　1)作连词

　　①作"当......时候"解，引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生，或某事一发生，另一件事也立即发生。例如

　　They were singing as they were walking home.回家时他们边走边唱。

　　I startled as he opened the door.他一开门，我吓了一跳。

　　②作"因为"解，引导原因状语从句。例如

　　I must stop writing now，as I have a lot of homework to do.我现在必须停笔了，因为我有许多作业要做。

　　③作"如/像"解，引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句。

　　You should do as the teacher tells you to.你应当像老师告诉你的那样去做。

　　The weather was not so wet as it is today.那天的天气不像今天这么潮湿。

　　2)作介词，作"作为"解。例如

　　He was famous as a pop singer.作为流行歌星，他很有名。

　　3)作关系代词，在the same as和as follows这类结构中，as是关系代词。

　　Lessons 26 & 27

　　1.a great part of...

　　a great part of...意思是"大部分的......"，其对应词组是

　　a small part of..."小部分的......"。例如

　　A great part of the houses and fields were destroyed in the flood.在洪水中大部分房屋和田地被毁坏。

　　He was so hungry that he ate a great part of the cake in one minute.他很饿，以至于一眨眼工夫吃掉了大部分蛋糕。

　　2.the number of...

　　用在可数名词复数前，表示"......的数量/ 数字"。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如

　　The number of the students in our school is 2， 000.

　　We haven t known the number of passengers who died in the aircraft.

　　3.as many as

　　as many as意思是"多达......，......之多"，as...as中间常接形容词或副词原形，即as+ adj./adv.+as。类似结构有

　　as long/high/fast etc.as"长/高/快......达......"。例如

　　The great fire burned down as many as twenty buildings.

　　As many as 150 readers crowded round the famous writer.多达 150名读者簇拥在那位名作家周围。The cost of travelling to Europe is as much as 50，000yuan.去欧洲旅游之费用高达50，000 人民币。

　　She can jump as high as 1.75 metres.The road is as wide as 10 metres.

　　4.cut off

　　cut off意思是"切断，切去"。off用作副词，如果动词宾语是代词，则必须置于off前。如果是名词则可以放在off前，也可以放在off后。例如: He cut off a small piece of cake and gave it to me.他切下一小片蛋糕并递给了我。

　　Be careful!Don t cut off your fingers/cut them off.当心!别切了手指。

　　5.at a speed of 5.3...centimetres

　　1)at这里表示"以......的速度"。例如

　　He drove at a speed of 30 miles an hour.他的车速达每小时30英里。

　　2)带小数数字的说法:整数部分按基数词读，小数点读作point，小数部分的数字分别读。例如:5.3读作five point three;74.35读作seventyˉfour point three five。

　　6.stay up stay up意思是"保持，持续(在高处)"，up是副词，意思为"向上"。本课中 stay up的意思是"(房子、建筑物经历过地震后仍然)站立着"。另外它还有"熬夜"的意思。例如

　　The water level stayed up after twoˉday s rainstorm.两天暴雨之后，水位居高不下。

　　He stayed up all night that day.那天他通宵未眠。

　　7.The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906.

　　这里times意思是"倍，倍数"，通常"两倍"用twice，三倍或三倍以上用times。这里ten times表示是"(原数)的十倍"或"增加到十倍"。英语中表示倍数的句型有

　　1)A...times+形容词/副词比较级+than B"A比B(大、高、长等)......倍"。例如

　　My ruler is twice longer than his.我的尺子比他的长2倍。(即:我的尺子是他的3倍)

　　The train runs at least six times faster than the boat.

　　2)A...times as+形容词/副词原形+as B"A是B的......倍(大、高、长等)"。例如

　　My ruler is three times as long as his.我的尺子是他的3倍长。(即:我的尺子比他的长2倍)

　　The train runs at least seven times as fast as the boat.

　　1 单项填空At the exciting news， I felt my heart fast.A. beat B. to beat C. beating D. beated

　　【解析】 答案为C。本题考查feel sth. do/doing结构。在这一结构中，do表示"做过，做了"，动作已经结束，doing表示"正在做"，动作正在进行。

　　2 单项填空After the new technique was introduced， the factory proˉduced tractors in 2003 as the year before.

　　A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as

　　【解析】 答案为C。本题考查表倍数关系的句型。在这种结构中，表倍数关系的词放在最前面，然后再套用as...as，more than或the+名词+of句型。

　　3 单项填空 houses and buildings were destroyed in the earthquake.

　　A. Such many B. Too much C. A large number of D. The number of

　　【解析】 答案为C。 A结构不对，该用So many;B只修饰不可数名词;D不合语境。