1990: Yeltsin resignation splits Soviet Communists

England have



The populist politician and president of the Russian parliament, Boris Yeltsin, has resigned from the Soviet Communist Party.



The resignation has also led to a declaration from the small but influentialradical reform group Democratic Platform that they would also break away.



The split leaves Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev with a party in tatters.



It was thought that Mr Gorbachev had appeased the reformers by ensuring the defeat of hardline conservative Yegor Ligachev in the race for the deputyleadership yesterday.



His favoured candidate, the pro-reform Vladimir Ivashko, was elected instead.



Dramatic speech



But it was not enough. Within hours of another vote to approve new party rules which still restrict factions operating within it, Mr Yeltsin stood up to address a hushed auditorium.



"In view of my great responsibility towards the people of Russia and in connection with the move towards a multi-party system I cannot fulfil only the instructions of the party," he said.



"As the highest elected figure in the republic, I have to bow to the will of all the people."



He then turned and left the chamber without another word.



Some delegates shouted "Shame", while a few clapped.



Mr Gorbachev, clearly expecting the move, was heard to say, "That ends the process logically," before instructing delegates to withdraw Mr Yeltsin's congress mandate.



The departure of a group of Democratic Platform delegates less than an hour later confirmed the split - the first since the Bolshevik-Menshevik divide which put Lenin in power in 1903.



Among those leaving are the popular new mayor of Leningrad, Anatoly Sobchak, and the mayor of Moscow, Gavriil Popov.



Figurehead



Mr Yeltsin has been a figurehead for radical reform of the party system for the last 18 months, and has been a trenchant critic of President Gorbachev for not going far enough with party reforms.



Despite that, he has remained at the centre of the Communist Party structure. His name was put forward for inclusion in the new Central Committee to be chosen this evening.



His real strength lies in his popular support among ordinary Russian people.



In an opinion poll carried out by the Moscow News newspaper earlier this month he scored an 84% popularity rating, making him by far the most trusted figure on the Soviet political scene.



1974: Shankly quits Liverpool



Artificially 1969:

The The manager of Liverpool football club, Bill Shankly, is retiring from his post.



Shankly, 58, has been in charge at Anfield for nearly 15 years.

He made the decision to leave five weeks ago, but club directors have been trying to persuade him to stay.



Shankly explained that he was starting to feel the strain after so long in the job and that he had to take his family into consideration.



"The pressures have built up so much during my forty years in the game that I felt it was time to have a rest," he said.



Since joining the club in 1959 Shankly has taken Liverpool into the first division where the team won the championship in 1964, 1966 and 1973, the FA Cup in 1965 and this year and the UEFA Cup in 1973.



Club chairman John Smith has said that his retiring manager is happy to offer the team "the benefit of his experience", but he doesn't want to undermine his successor.



The son of a Lanarkshire miner, Shankly rose to fame as a winger with Carlisle and Preston before beginning his management career back at Carlisle followed by stints at Grimsby, Workington and Huddersfield.



He is widely respected throughout the game for his socialist principles and sharp wit.









Vocabulary:



appease : to bring peace, quiet, or calm to; soothe（安抚；缓和）






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