酷兔英语

章节正文

周童瑜英语易筋经:语法十二式之词法秘诀C
align="center">南京大学 周童瑜 著
>5) 比较级中的两个特殊作用的结构是:The + 比较级 + 句子,the + 比较级 + 句子。和 比较级+ and + 比较级 。前一个句型结构不要求一定词性相同,;后一个句型结构则要求词性相同。

6) 没有比较对象的比较结构。所谓没有比较对象的比较结构不是指省略而言,而是指并非真正的比较。例如: The car runs faster than 110 miles. 那辆车时速为110多英里。
7)
用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。此时有一点要特别注意别忘了在比较状语中用any,other,else等,以将比较主体排除在比较对象以外,因为自己不可以与自己相比较。
8) no + 比较级 + than的结构表示"AB一样不......"。例如: She runs no faster than her sister. 她与她妹妹一样跑不快。
9)比较和倍数的表达方法:在表达一方是另一方的若干倍时,常用如下表达方式:(1"......倍数+asadj./adv.(原级)+ as......",在两个as之间可用many(修饰可数名词),much(修饰不可数名词)和其它相应的词。(2"......倍数+adj./adv.(比较级)+than......"3"......倍数+the sizeheightlengthweightwidth /depth......ofthe+名词"
【周童瑜点拨】:"倍数"句型翻译有三种方式。(1"倍数(百分数)+形容词比较级+than+比较对象",译作"增加......""......'倍数+1'";(2"倍数(百分数)+as+形容词原级+as+被比较对象",译作"......的多少倍";(3"倍数+the+名词+of+被比较对象",其中常用的名词有sizelengthwidthdepth等,也译作"......的多少倍"。如"你们的教室比我们的教室大四倍(是我们教室的五倍大)"可分别译作:(1Your classroom is four times larger than ours.(2Your classroom is five times as large as ours.(3Your classroom is five times the size of ours
三、形容词和副词的最高级
其意义是"某人、某事在某个范围内最 ......"。周童瑜提请注意:形容词的最高级前面一般说来要加用定冠词the ,而副词的最高级前面的定冠词往往可以省略。需注意下面的情况:
1of后接名词,用来说明"最高级的范围",其实也是"比较对象";而among 的后面往往是接带有最高级的名词词组,说明"主体是最......之一"
2)形容词的最高级前面不用定冠词the的几种情况:A.形容词的最高级作表语(或者说,作主语补足语),并且又不与其他人或事相比较,通常在其前不用定冠词the 。如: The market in the country is busiest in autumn. B.形容词的最高级作"非常、极其"解时,在其前通常也不用定冠词the,但是可以用不定冠词a.如:His father is a most leaned person. C.如果形容词的最高级前已有人称代词的所有格或名词的所有格形式、指示代词等修饰语时,其前也不再用定冠词the了。如: Her greatest wish is to be a singer.D.当两个形容词的最高级同时修饰一个名词时,后面一个形容词的最高级前的定冠词the通常被省略了。
连词"易"秘诀
一、连词属于虚词之一,它不能在句子里独立地担任句子成分,而只能起连接作用。
二、连词主要可分成两类:并列连词:并列连词用来连接平行对等(即互不从属)的词、词组、或分句。按其意思不同有下面几种:
1)表示转折意思 but , yet , however , nevertheless2)表示因果关系 for , so , therefore , hence3)表示并列关系 and ,or , either...or,neither...nor,not only...but (also) , both...and , as well as
从属连词:从属连词是用来引起从句的,它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说,从属连词主要引起名词从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)和状语从句,但周童瑜发现从不会引起定语从句
附常见连接词:
表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition
表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only...but also, here...there, years ago...today, this...that, the former...the latter, then...now, the first...whereas the second, once...now, on the one hand...on the other hand, some...others
表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that
表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else
表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden
表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last
表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way
表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as
表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary.


关键字:英语语法
生词表:
  • eventually [i´ventʃuəli] 移动到这儿单词发声 ad.最后,终于 四级词汇
  • secondly [´sekəndli] 移动到这儿单词发声 a.第二(点);其次 六级词汇


文章标签:秘诀    

章节正文