酷兔英语

1. 定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词

2. 先行词和引导词

被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词;在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。引导词语可分为"关系代词"和"关系副词"。

3. 关系代词和关系副词

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有:when, where, why。

<>注意:关系副词里面没有how。如果要修饰方式,用that或in which引导,或者不用引导词。

I don't like the way (that, in which) he eyed me. 我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。

4. 关系代词:who

关系动词who在从句中主要作为主语,在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。

He is the man who wants to see you. 他就是想要见你的那个人。(who在句中作为主语)

Succeed will come to him who is honest and diligent. 成功将归于诚实而勤奋的人。

5. 关系代词:whom

He is the man whom I saw in the park yesterday.

他就是我昨天在公园里见到的那个人。(whom在从句中作宾语)

作宾语用的引导词可以省略,因此上面的句子可以改写如下:He is the man I saw in the park yesterday.

6. 关系代词:whose用来指人或物(只能用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

那人车坏了,他们跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

7. 关系代词:which(1)

which指物,在从句中作为主语或宾语,作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。

They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice.

他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。(主语)

The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing.

我们昨天参观的农场位于北京郊区。(作宾语,可省略。)

8. 关系代词:which(2)

当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下,一下情况要选which:

1).在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词,而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。

2). 修饰整个主句。

I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.

从那以后我再也没有见到朱莉叶,真是遗憾。

3). 修饰谓语部分。

He can swim in the river, which I cannot. 他会在河里游泳,那正是我不会的。

4). 介词 + which

They are all questions to which there are no answers. 那些问题都是无头公案。

9. 关系代词:that(1)

that多用来指物,有时也可以用来指人;在从句中作主语或宾语。

指物的时候多用that,也可用which。

It's a question that (which) needs careful consideration.

这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。(指物,作为主语。)

Who is the man that is reading a magazine under the tree?

树下那个在看杂志的那个人是谁?(指人,作为主语。)

The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Tom's sister.

我们昨天看到的那个女孩是汤姆的妹妹。(指人,作宾语,可省略。)

10. 关系代词:that(2)

在以下的情况中,只能用that作引导词,而不能用which作引导词。

1). 先行词为all , everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代词时。

All that she lacked was training. 她所缺少的是训练。

everything等为先行词时,引导词可以省略。

Have you everything you need? 你要的东西都有了吗?

Is there anything I can do for you? 有什么事要我做吗?

All you have to do is to press the button. 你所要做的就是按一下电钮。

2). 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。

3). 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时

4). 先行词中既有人又有物时

They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.

他们谈论他们参观过的那些学校和老师们。

5). 主句是含有who或which的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复时
关键字:英语语法
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