makes belongs to the owner. If the self-employed person in successful in
business, he or she has the chance to earn a great deal of money and even become wealthy. The profit earned by a self-employed person is the reward for his or
her effort, ability, and creativity. Thus, a second advantage of being self-employed is that a persons intelligence and abilities have a direct effect
on his or her earnings. people who have outstanding abilities or intelligence often find they can earn far more through self-employment than they can through
working as an employee. A third advantage of being self-employed is that a person can control both the number of hours worked and the hours of work. While
not all self-employed people are completely free to choose whatever hours they want to work, most of them have more control over this area than do the people
who for salaries or wages. As with most things in life, being self-employed is not without problems. First,
being ones own boss places the responsibility for success directly on that individuals shoulders. Abilities and intelligence will be put to the test.
Everyone has some weaknesses and is less capable in some things than in others. These weaknesses will affect how successful a self-employed person is. Second,
though the self-employed can earn considerable profits with a successful business, losses can force them out of business and, in some instances, place
them in debt. A third disadvantage concerns incomesecurity. Self-employed people have no guaranteed wage. Their earnings can vary greatly from year to
year, depending on business conditions. Salaried people, on the other hand, can generally count on continued earnings from year to year. In addition, salaried
people often enjoy fringe benefits that mean greater peace of mind. Fringe benefits are all of the benefits provided for employees in addition to wages and
salaries. one of these benefits may be insurance paid for by the employer that continues the employees salary in the event of sickness or accident. Many
self-employed people do not have such protection, unless they put money aside themselves.
21. A self-employed person is one _____________.[A] who can make a big profit
[B] who is his or her own boss[C] whose business has a better chance to success
[D] who employs no others but his or her relatives 22. one of the advantages self-employment offers is that self-employed people
________.[A] may decide when and how long they work
[B] have outstanding abilities and intelligence[C] may get more business support from the government
[D] are easy to earn money and ready to become wealthy 23. one problem of self-employment is that ___________.
[A] there is no guarantee of incomesecurity[B] it is comparatively week in management
[C] an employers earnings have nothing to do with business conditions[D] salaries may vary greatly from person to person
24. We may guess from the context that fringe benefits _____________.[A] are all the money provided for employees
[B] are benefits an employee receives apart from wages and salaries[C] consist of those that are paid by insurance companies
[D] result from business activities the employer has organized 25. The authors attitude towards self-employment is ____________.
[A] positive[B] negative
[C] indifferent[D] objective
passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. It tells plants when to form flowers and insects when to leave
protective cocoon(茧)and fly away. And it tells animals and human beings when to awaken, sleep, and seek food. It controls our body temperatures, the release of
some hormones(激素)and even dreams. Events outside the plant and animal affect its actions. Scientists recently
found that a tiny animal called Siberian hamster changes the color of its fur because of the number of hours of daylight. In shorter days of winter its fur
becomes white. The fur becomes gray-brown in longer hours of daylight in summer. Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some
internal one seems to order birds to begin their migrationflights two times each year. Birds prevented from flying become restless when it is time for the
trip. But they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended. A mix of outside and internal events controls some biological clocks; such
things as heartbeat and the daily change from sleep to walking take place because of both external and internal signals.
Scientists are beginning to learn which parts of the brain contain the biological clocks. A researcher at Harvard University ─ Dr. Martin Moore Ede ─
said a small group of cells near the front of the brain seems to control the timing of some of our actions. probably there are other cells to control other
body activities. He is studying how they affect the way we do our work. Most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours. It can
take many days for a human body to accept a major change in work hours. Industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and
how they affect workers. He said such an understanding could reduce sickness and accidents at work, and would help increase production.
26. Which of the following can not be controlled by biological clocks?[A] Dreams.
[B] when and what to eat.[C] Body temperature.
[D] When the flowers should open. 27. The author mentions Siberian hamster to illustrate that _________.
[A] every living thing has a biological clock[B] Siberian hamster is a highly adaptive species
[C] biological clocks can change an animals skin color[D] external factors can affect the behavior of an organism
28. From the passage we can infer that __________.[A] biological clocks are responsible for all the human behaviors
[B] biological clocks are too mysterious to be explained[C] heartbeat and some daily activities affectbiological clocks
[D] studies on biological clocks can throw some light on human actions 29. Why should industrial officials have a better understanding of biological
clocks?[A] Because some cells in the brain are very important.
[B] Because it is very hard to change working time.[C] Because it may lead to improvement of work efficiency.
[D] Because it takes a long time for a person to get used to the shift of work hours.
30. The best title for the passage could be _________.[A] A Brief Account of Biological Clocks
[B] Biological Clocks and Work Efficiency[C] How Biological Clocks Work
[D] The location of Biological Clocks passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. There is no arguing about taste─ runs the Latin proverb. But taste did not just
happen. Cultural, historical, biological and environmental events have interacted to cause frogs, for example, to be viewed as delicious in southern
China but to be regarded with revulsion(厌恶)in northern China. Even though much remains unknown, tastes cannot be dismissed as inarguable or illogical; an
attempt will be made here to discover why, as Lucretius put it,What is food to one man may be fiercepoison to others?
Among the approximately thirty million tribal people of India, a total of 250 animal species are avoided by one group or another. Most of these people will
not eat meat from a tiger or any of various snakes. Although they say they feel a relationship with these animals, it is obvious that both are highly dangerous
and that hunting them systematically would be foolish. Monkeys are avoided, probably because they look like human beings in appearance;
in these tribes, man-eating is viewed as extremely cruel. A reluctance to eat some female animals has been attributed to respect for the mothers role, but it
could also be due to a policy of allowing the females to reproduce and provide more young for people. Many tribes avoid eating any animal that has died of
unknown causes an intelligent attitude in view of the possibility that the animal might have died from a disease that could spread to humans. Animals that
consume garbage are similarly avoided, an adaptive step that prevents contact with parasites(寄生虫), and that might explain why members of one tribe eat any of
twenty-one different species of rats, but not the house that. 31.There is no arguing about taste, which means ___________.
[A] people dont like to talk about food[B] ones taste in food is hard to explain
[C] there is no quarrelling about to eat[D] no arguments about taste have been heard of before
32. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ____________.[A] the author is against eating frogs
[B] taste is illogical and inarguable[C] some types of frogs are poisonous
[D] taste is influenced by many factors 33. The tribal people in India dont eat snakes because _____________.