(B) Get permission to take the class.

(C) Take the class over again.

(D) Register for the class next semester.



18. (A) He doesn't like his new eyeglass frames.

(B) He didn't get a haircut.

(C) He got his eyeglasses a long time ago.

(D) Several people have asked him about his

new eyeglass frames.



19. (A) The grades have been calculated

correctly.

(B) The woman will get the grade she

deserves.

(C) The woman received one of the highest

grades.

(D) The woman's grade can't be changed.



20. (A) She left the lecture for a few minutes.

(B) She was reading doing the lecture.

(C) She may have fallen asleep.

(D) She misunderstood the speaker's last

points.



21. (A) The man hasn't seen Joan recently.

(B) The man plans to call Joan soon.

(C) Joan doesn't know what happened to the

book.

(D) Joan gave the book to the man.



22. (A) Why she should tell her students about

her plans.

(B) What he plans to do when he's on

sabbatical.

(C) Why she can't take a sabbatical next

semester.

(D) Why her students probably weren't

surprised by her announcement.



23. (A) Put a little more pepper in the stew.

(B) Taste the stew to see if it needs paper.

(C) Check the recipe to see if they followed it

correctly.

(D) Serve the stew as it is.



24. (A) She wants to know where Tom heard the

stories.

(B) She's surprised Tom was so serious last

night.

(C) Tom doesn't usually tell funny stories.

(D) The stories probably weren't true.



25. (A) He plans to sell the books to a collector.

(B) He won't sell the books until he has read

them.

(C) The books probably aren't worth a lot of

money.

(D) The woman can borrow any of the books

if she wants to.



26. (A) Leave with the man.

(B) Get ready to leave for the weekend.

(C) Stay where she is for the weekend.

(D) Meet the man later.



27. (A) The man is upset that the wasn't invited to

the party.

(B) The man and the woman live in different

buildings.

(C) The woman's friends were louder than she

expected they would be.

(D) The woman hadn't intended to serve food

and beverages at the party.



28. (A) Mary hadn't planned to attend the

seminar.

(B) Mary has been ill for several weeks.

(C) Mary forgot about the seminar.

(D) Mary wasn't able to attend the seminar.



29. (A) Do more research before they meet.

(B) Meet several days before the presentation.

(C) Change the day of the presentation.

(D) Try to solve the problems before they

meet.



30. (A) She'll talk to Judy about the problem.

(B) She may not be available later to help the

man.

(C) She isn't sure if Judy can solve the

problem.

(D) The man will be able to solve the problem

himself.



31. (A) Places the man has visited.

(B) A paper the woman is writing for a class.

(C) School activities they enjoy.

(D) The woman's plans for the summer.



32. (A) She has never been to Gettysburg.

(B) She took a political science course.

(C) Her family still goes on vacation together.

(D) She's interested in the United States Civil

War.



33. (A) Why her parents wanted to go to

Gettysburg.

(B) Why her family's vacation plans changed

ten years ago.

(C) Where her family went for a vacation ten

years ago.

(D) When her family went on their last

vacation.



34. (A) It's far from where she lives.

(B) Her family went there without her.

(C) She doesn't know a lot about it.

(D) She's excited about going there.



35. (A) A catalog mailed to the man.

(B) The woman's catalog order.

(C) The history of mail-order catalogs.

(D) A comparison of two kinds of catalogs.



36. (A) She wants to learn about Richard Sears.

(B) She is helping the man with his

assignment.

(C) She needs to buy a filing cabinet.

(D) She wants to order some textbooks.



37. (A) Teachers.

(B) Farmers.

(C) Students.

(D) Laborers.



38. (A) As textbooks.

(B) As fuel.

(C) As newspapers.

(D) As art.



39. (A) Taxes on factory goods rose.

(B) Some people lost their farms.

(C) Shipping prices rose.

(D) some families lost their businesses.



40. (A) Problems with pesticides.

(B) Characteristics of one type of falcon.

(C) Migratory patterns of birds.

(D) Tracking systems for animals.



41. (A) It flying speed.

(B) Its keen hearing.

(C) It size.

(D) Its aggressiveness.



42. (A) By radar.

(B) By airplane.

(C) By direct observation.

(D) By satellite.



43. (A) The types of instruments used in bebop

music.

(B) The social setting in which bebop music

developed.

(C) How two styles of jazz music influenced

each other

(D) The influence of bebop music on the

United States economy during the 1940's.



44. (A) They didn't use singers.

(B) They gave free concerts.

(C) They performed in small nightclubs.

(D) They shortened the length of their

performances.



45. (A) To discuss one way it impacted jazz music.

(B) To explain why the government reduced

some taxes.

(C) To describe a common theme in jazz

music.

(D) To discuss the popularity of certain jazz

bands.



46. (A) The music contained strong political

messages.

(B) The music had a steady beat that people

could dance to.

(C) The music included sad melodies.

(D) The music contained irregular types of

rhythms.



47. (A) The increase in beachfront property value.

(B) An experimental engineering project.

(C) The erosion of coastal areas

(D) How to build seawalls.



48. (A) To protect beachfront property.

(B) To reduce the traffic on beach roads.

(C) To provide privacy for homeowners.

(D) To define property limits.



49. (A) By sending water directly back to sea with

great force.

(B) By reducing wave energy.

(C) By reducing beach width.

(D) By stabilizing beachfront construction.



50. (A) Protect roads along the shore.

(B) Build on beaches with seawalls.

(C) Add sand to beaches with seawalls.

(D) Stop building seawalls.



Section Two: Structure and Written Expression





1. The giant ragweed, or buffalo weed, grows ---.



(A) 18 feet up to high

(B) to high 18 feet up

(C) up to 18 feet high

(D) 18 feet high up to



2. Neptune is --- any planet except Pluto.

(A) to be far from the Sun

(B) far from the Sun being

(C) farther than the Sun is

(D) farther from the Sun than



3. Since prehistoric times, artists have arranged

paint on surfaces in ways --- their ideas about

people and the world.

(A) express

(B) that their expression of

(C) which, expressing

(D) that express



4. Except for certain microorganisms, --- need

oxygen to survive.

(A) of all living things

(B) all living things

(C) all are living things

(D) are all living things



5. Dubbing is used in filmmaking --- a new sound

track to a motion picture.

(A) which to add

(B) to add

(C) is adding that

(D) to add while



6. --- of green lumber may come from moisture in

the wood.

(A) More weight than half

(B) Of the weight, more than half

(C) The weight is more than half

(D) More than half of the weight



7. Archaeologists study ---- to trace ancient trade

routes because such tools are relatively rare, and

each occurrence has a slightly different chemical

composition.

(A) which obsidian tools

(B) obsidian tools

(C) how obsidian tools

(D) obsidian tools are



8. ---- the hamster's basic diet is vegetarian, some

hamsters also eat insects.

(A) Despite

(B) Although

(C) Regardless of

(D) Consequently



9. The Navajo Indians of the southwestern United

States --- for their sand painting, also called dry

painting.

(A) noted

(B) are noted

(C) to be noted

(D) have noted



10. In 1784, the leaders of what would later

become the state of Virginia gave up --- to the

territory that later became five different

Midwestern states.

(A) any claim

(B) when the claim

(C) to claim

(D) would claim



11. ---- one after another, parallel computers

perform groups of operations at the same time.

(A) Conventional computers, by handling tasks

(B) Since tasks being handled by conventional

computers

(C) Whereas conventional computers handle

tasks

(D) While tasks handled by conventional

computers



12. The Liberty Bell, formerly housed in

Independence Hall, --- in Philadelphia, was

moved to a separate glass pavilion in 1976.

(A) which a historic building

(B) a historic building which

(C) was a historic building

(D) a historic building



13. Fossils, traces of dead organisms found in the

rocks of Earth's crust, reveal --- at the time the

rocks were formed.

(A) what was like

(B) was like life

(C) what life was like

(D) life was like



14. Although the huge ice masses ---- glaciers

move slowly, they are a powerful erosive force

in nature.

(A) call them

(B) are called

(C) to call

(D) called



15. The soybean contains vitamins, essential

minerals, --- high percentage of protein.

(A) a

(B) and a

(C) since a

(D) of which a







16. A gene is a biological unit of information who directs the activity of a cell or organism during its

A B C D

lifetime.

17. The flowering of African American talent in literature, music, and art in the 1920's in New York City

A B C

became to know as the Harlem Renaissance.

D

18. The symptoms of pneumonia, a lung infection, include high fever, chest pain, breathing difficult, and

A B C D

coughing.

19. The rapid grow of Boston during the mid-nineteenth century coincided with a large influx of

A B C

European immigrants.D

20. In 1908 Olive Campbell started writing down folk songs by rural people in the southern Appalachian

A B C

mountains near hers home.

D

21.The thirteen stripes of the United States flag represent the original thirteen states of the Union, which

A B C

they all were once colonies of Britain.

D

22. In 1860, more as 90 percent of the people of Indiana lived rural areas, with only a few cities having a

A B C

population exceeding 10,000.

D

23.Gravitation keeps the Moon in orbit around Earth and the planets other of the solar system in orbit

A B C D

around the Sun.



24. Photograph was revolutionized in 1831 by the introduction of the collodion process for making glass

A B C D

negatives.

25. After flax is washed, dry, beaten, and combed, fibers are obtained for use in making fabric.

A B C D

26. A fever is caused which blood cells release proteins called pyrogens, raising the body's temperature.

A B C D

27. Because of various gift-giving holidays, most stores clothing in the United Sates do almost as much

A B

business in November and December as they do in the other ten months combined.

C D

28.The United States National Labor Relations Board is authorized to investigation allegations of unfair

A B

labor practices on the part of either employers or employees.

C D

29.The Great Potato Famine in Ireland in the 1840's caused an unprecedented numbers of people from

A B C

Ireland to immigrate to the United States.

D

30.The particles comprising a given cloud are continually changing, as new ones are added while others

A B

are taking away by moving air.

C D

31.Political parties in the United States help to coordinate the campaigns of their members and organizes A B C

the statewide and national conventions that mark election years.

D

32.The lemur is an unusual animal belonging to the same order than monkey's and apes.

A B C D

33.Chese may be hard or soft, depending on the amount of water left into it and the character of

A B C D

the cuting.

34.The carbon-are lamp, a very bright electric lamp used for spotlights, consists of two carbon

A B

electrodes with a high-current are passing between it.

C D

35. At first the poems of E.E. Cummings gained notoriety to their idiosyncratic punctuation and

A B

typography, but they have gradually been recognized for their lyric power as well.

C D

36.The mechanism of human thought and recall, a subject only partly understood by scientists, is

A B C

extraordinary complicated.

D

37.While the process of photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used

A B

to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and organic compounds.

C D

38.The globe artichoke was known as a delicacy at least 2,500 years ago, and records of its

A B C

cultivation date from fifteenth century.

D

39. Humans do not constitute the only species endowed with intelligence: the higher animals also

A B C

have considerably problem-solving abilities.

D

40. Many of species of milkweed are among the most dangerous of poisonous plants, while others

A B C

have little, if any, toxicity.

D







Questions 1-10

In the early 1800's, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged

in agriculture. Sophisticated technology and machinery were virtually nonexistent.

People who lived in the cities and were not directly involved in trade often participated

Line in small cottage industries making handcrafted goods. Others cured meats, silversmiths, candle

5) or otherwise produced needed goods and commodities. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle

makers, and other artisans worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family

Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and lasting change to the

United States society than the rise of industrialization. Industrial growth hinged on several

10） economic factors. First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources, especially

coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timber-all readily available on the North American

continent. Second, factories demand a large labor supply. Between the 1870's and the

First World War (1914-1918), approximately 23 million immigrants streamed to the

United States, settled in cities, and went to work in factories and mines. They also helped

15）build the vast network of canals and railroads that crisscrossed the continent and linked

important trade centers essential to industrial growth.

Factories also offered a reprieve from the backbreaking work and financial

unpredictability associated with farming. Many adults, poor and disillusioned with

farm life, were lured to the cities by promises of steady employment, regular paychecks,

20) increased access to goods and services, and expanded social opportunities. Others were

pushed there when new technologies made their labor cheap or expendable; inventions

such as steel plows and mechanized harvesters allowed one farmhand to perform work

that previously had required several, thus making farming capital-intensive rather than

labor-intensive.

25） The United States economy underwent a massive transition and the nature of work

was permanently altered. Whereas cottage industries relied on a few highly skilled craft

workers who slowly and carefully converted raw materials into finished products from

start to finish, factories relied on specialization. While factory work was less creative and

more monotonous, it was also more efficient and allowed mass production of goods at

less expense.





1.What aspect of life in the United States does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The transition from an agricultural to an

industrial economy

(B) The inventions that transformed life in the

nineteenth century

(C) The problems associated with the earliest

factories

(D) The difficulty of farm life in the nineteenth

century

2. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, and candle makers are mentioned in lines 5-6 as examples of

artisans who

(A) maintained their businesses at home

(B) were eventually able to use sophisticated

technology

(C) produced unusual goods and commodities

(D) would employ only family members



3. The phrase "hinged on" in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) recovered from

(B) depended on

(C) started on

(D) contributed to



4. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the industrial growth that occurred in the United States before 1914?

(A)The availability of natural resources found only in the United States

(B) The decrease in number of farms resulting

from technological advances

(C) The replacement of canals and railroads by

other forms of transportation

(D) The availability of a large immigrant work

force



5. The word "lured" in line 19 is closest in meaning to

(A) attracted

(B) assigned

(C) restricted

(D) attached



6. The word "Others" in line 20 refers to other

(A) adults

(B) promises

(C) goods and services

(D) social opportunities

7.The word "expendable" in line 21 is closest in

meaning to

(A) nonproductive

(B) unacceptable

(C) nonessential

(D) unprofitable



8. It can be inferred from the passage that

industrialization affected farming in that

industrialization

(A) increased the price of farm products

(B) limited the need for new farm machinery

(C) created new and interesting jobs on farms

(D) reduced the number of people willing to do

farm work



9.What does the author mean when stating that

certain inventions made farming

"capital-intensive rather than labor-intensive"

(lines 23-24)?

(A) Workers had to be trained to operate the new

machines.

(B) Mechanized farming required more capital

and fewer laborers.

(C) The new inventions were not helpful for all

farming activities.

(D) Human labor could still accomplish as much

work as the first machines.



10. According to the passage, factory workers

differed from craft workers in that factory

workers

(A) were required to be more creative

(B) worked extensively with raw materials

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