酷兔英语

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Lesson 77 A successful operation一例成功的手术

一.单
1..mummy n.木乃伊;妈妈
An ancient Egyptian mummy is on exhibition in the museum.一具古埃及木乃伊正在博物馆展览。

2.temple n.
After the great Pyramids and the large Sphinx (狮身人面像), the temple of Abu Simbel presents the most familiar image of ancient Egypt to the modern traveller.
阿布辛波古庙:尼罗河畔悠远历史和现代文明的见证。

3.mark n.斑点;分数;v. 标记
Her finger left marks on the screen of television.
她的手在我的电视的屏幕上留下了印子。

4.disease n.疾病
SARS is a contagious disease.
非典是一种传染性疾病。

5.illness,disease
两个词在口语中用法相同,也有一些区别:
illness(a disease of the body or mind, or the condition of being ill)指病的状态,时间的长短,或指身体不好。
She died after a long illness. 她在久病之后去世了。
Disease(an illness which affects a person, animal, or plant)一般指有医学名称,与身体的部分有关的疾病,如果是传染性疾病的话会被携带或传染。
a kidney/sexually-transmitted disease/infectious disease肾病,性传播疾病,传染性的疾病
一般下列疾病只用illness
mental illness 精神疾病

6.prove v.显示出;证实
The new evidence proves him to be guilty.
新证据证明他是有罪的。
相关表达: proof n.证明
approve v.批准,同意

7.resin n.树脂
The transparent shoulder straps are made of resin.
透明的肩带是树脂做的。

8.skin n.皮肤;v. 剥皮
Her skin is as soft as babies'.
她的皮肤像婴儿的皮肤一样柔软。
实际应用: 皮肤黑dark skin

9.section n.切片;部分
The doctor examined the section cut from the dead body under the microscope.
医生在显微镜下仔细检查从尸体上切下来的切片。

10.figure n.(女人的)体形;人像;人影
The lady has a great figure. 那女人身材很棒。
实际应用:半身像a half-length figure
There are several dashing figures in the painting.
那幅画里画了几个雄纠纠的人。

11.normally adv.通常地;正常地
Normally his bad mood last one or two days.
通常他的坏心情会持续一到俩天。
引申:normal adj.正常的,一般的

12. survive v.幸免于,存活;活得比......长
None of the passengers survived the air crash.
没有乘客在空难中幸存。

二.课
1.非限制性定语从句
① 非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。如:
I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书,这是昨天买的。
② 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。如:
I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限制性定语从句"the reason why..."是常见搭配。)
③ 非限制性定语从句置于句首时,不能用which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。如:
As I expected, he didn't believe me. 正如我所预料的,他不相信我。
④ 非限制性定语从句由"介词+关系代词"引导时,其中的关系代词不能用as。如:
He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was angry. 他花两万多美元买了这辆车,他父亲对此很生气。
⑤ 在非限制性定语从句中,指人的关系代词作宾语时,只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换,也不能省略。如:
This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need. 这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料,它在任何一家书店都能买到。(非限制性定语从句中引导词在从句中作宾语,无论指人还是指物都不能省略。)

2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别:
定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如:
This is the house which we bought last month.  
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
② 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
③ 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。

3.at,onin的区别
①at用于小地方或点钟的前边
②on用于星期的前边或一个月中的具体的某一天
③in在月份,季节,前,国家或大的地方前

4..否定疑问句
否定疑问句可以表示说活者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹;也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等
例Is he not a worker?
Isn't he a worker?



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