酷兔英语

  形容词、副词的比较等级

  1.原级:表示A与B在某方面相同。

  句型:1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B

   2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B

   A与B在某方面不同

  注意:not as / so... as = less than 不及;不如

  eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one.

   2)You don't eat so much as I

   3)This book isn't as interesting as that one

   = This book is ___ ________ _____ that one

  2.比较级:两者进行比较(常与than连用)

  1)I am cleverer than you 我比你聪明。

  2)He runs faster than Jim 他比Jim跑得快。

  3)I picked more apples than Jim.我比你摘的苹果多。

  4)Which is more interesting, this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣,这本还是那本?

  3.最高级:三者(或三者以上)进行比较(常与表范围的in , of短语连用)

  ( 注意:of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 )

  eg. 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

   2)He runs fastest in our class.

   3)He is the tallest of the three boys.

   4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?

  4.形、副比较等级的其他用法

   1) "比较级and 比较级" 表示 "越来越......"

  eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒

  (但注意:如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副)

  eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮

   2) "the比较级,the比较级" "越......,越......"

  eg. the more, the better 多多益善

   _________ you are, _______ you will get.

   你越懒,收获越少。

   3) "the比较级of +二者" "二者中较......的一个"

  eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins.

   2) Of(A) the two books(B) this one(C) is thicker(D). _________

   4)表示二者相差多少用 "具体数量 + 比较级"

  eg. He's a head taller than me.

   My brother is two years older than me

  5)表示"是......几倍"时用"twice; three times等 + as...as"

  eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。

   2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。

  6)区别older / elder与farther / further

   older(年龄较老的)

   elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)

  eg. My ______ brother is ______ than me.

   farther (指距离"较远的")

   further(指抽象事物的"更进一步的")

  eg.1)He went abroad for ________ studies.

   2)Fusun is _________ from our school than Zhaohua. 形、副比较等级还应注意

  1.比较级前用a little ; much / a lot ; even / still来加强语气,表示"......一点儿;......得多 ; 更......"

  eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿

   2)much more 多得多

   3)even heavier更重

  但注意:不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。

  2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物),注意常用漏的代词有:that; those; one; ones

  eg. 1)The apples (A) in this basket (B) are redder (C) than in that basket(D). _________

  2)This knife (A) isn't (B) so (C) new as that (D). _______________

  3)Our classroom (A) is (B) bigger (C) than Lily(D). _______________

  3.个体与整体相比,不能包括个体,常用"any other + 单数名词"来进行比较。

  eg.1)Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体). ( × )

  正:Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.

  =Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.

  =Betty is the cleverest in her class.

  (特别注意以上三种句型的转换)

   2)China is bigger than any country in Africa.

   中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。

   3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。

  *4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。

  eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( × )

  (all her sisters已排除了Mary)

  改:Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.

  5.表示"第二、第三......"时,可在最高级前加"second , third, ..."(但"第一"不能用first)

  eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错:________________

  

  附:形、副比较级和最高级的变化规则

  A、规则变化

  1."辅 + y"结尾,变y为i加er , est

  (但"形 + ly "构成的副词除外)

  2.双写加er , est

  3.直接加 er , est / r, st

  4.在多音词前加more , most (以"形 + ly "构成的副词也在前加more , most)

  B、不规则变化

  

  原级比较级最高级

  

  good/well

   better

   best

  

  many/much

   more

   most

  

  bad/ill/badly

   worse

   worst

  

  little

   less

   least

  

  old

   older/elder

   oldest/eldest

  

  far

   farther

  further

   farthest

  furthest

  

  另外:

  1) 以-er , -ow , -ble , -ple结尾的双音节词加er, est / r, st.

  narrow ________ ________

  simple _________ _________

  able _______ _______

  2) tired__________ __________

  pleased ___________ ____________

  3) often ________________ _____________

   friendly_______________ ____________

  4)在形容词的最高级前一般加the, 副词的最高级前一般不加the (但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、所有格时则不再加the)。

  eg. Lily is my the best friend.(改错) ________

  5)形容词作表语、定语,修饰名词(但部分形容词不能作定语,只能表语:ill ; alone ; asleep ; afraid ; interested ; excited ; surprised ).

  副词作状语,修饰动词。

  练 习

  一、写出下列词的比较级和最高级

  thin ____ ____ easy _____ ______

  early ______ ______ new ______ ______

  hot ______ ______ clever ______ _______

  little _____ ______ late _____ ______

  narrow______ ______fat _____ ______

  many ______ _____ big _____ ______

  dangerous__________ ___________

  wonderful __________ ___________

  careful __________ ____________

  slowly __________ ____________

  popular __________ ____________

  二、选择填空

  ( )1.Which language is ____ , English, French or Chinese?

  A. difficult B. the difficult

  C. more difficult D. the most difficult

  ( )2.Yangpu Bridge is one of ___ in the world

  A. bigger bridge B. the biggest bridge

  C. the biggest bridges D. bigger bridges

  ( )3.Tom is taller than Mike. But he is not ____ Mike.

  A. strong as B. so strong as

  C. so strong D. as strong

  ( )4.Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______.

  A. more and rich B. more rich and more rich

  C. richer and richer D. rich and rich

  ( )5.This text is ____ easier and ____ interes- ting than that one.

  A. more ; much B. much ; more

  C. more ; more D. much ; much

  ( )6.Which do you like ____, beef, pork or chicken?

  A. good B. well C. better D. best

  ( )7.Put on more clothes. It is snowing ___ outside. A. strongly B. heavy C. heavily

  ( )8.John drives as ___ as Tom.

  A. carefully B. good C. nice D. fine

  ( )9.Is China larger than ____ in Africa.

  A. any country B. any other country

  C. any countries D. all countries

  ( )10.My ___ brother is ___ than I.

  A. elder, three years older B. older ; older

  C. older; three years elder D. elder ; elder

  ( )11.Li Mei is more beautiful than ___ in her class.

  A. any girl B. any other girl

  C. all the girls D. any girls

  ( )12.This problem is ___ than that one.

  A. ten times easy B. ten times easier

  C. ten times more easy D. ten time easier

  ( )13.This film is ___ interesting than that one.

  A. more B. much C. very D. the most

  ( )14.There is ___ in today's newspaper.

  A. interesting nothing B. nothing interesting

  C. interested nothing D. nothing interested

  ( )15.The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes ____.

  A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed

  ( )16.The fat man always says his meat looks ____ and sells _____.

  A. good ; good B. well ; well

  C. good ; well D. well ; good

  ( )17.It seems that men are ____ making computers than women.

  A. better at B. good at

  C. well in D. weak in

  ( )18.The word's population is growing fast every minute, especially in some ___ countries

  A. west B. more developed

  C. east D. less developed

  ( )19.This bridge is not ___ long and wide ____ the one in my hometown.

  A. so ; as B. very ; than C. too; as D. very ; as

  ( )20.I think the song in the film "Titanic" is ___ one of all the movie songs.

  A. the most beautiful B. most beautiful

  C. much more beautiful D. a beautiful

  ( )21.Lin Tao is as ___ as Zhang Hua.

  A. strong B. stronger

  C. strongest D. the strongest

  ( )22.Sara is ___ tired ___ move after the hard work.

  A. very ; to B. quite ; to

  C. too ; to D. so ; that

  ( )23. Jack didn't run ___ to catch the bus.

  A. enough fast B. quickly enough

  C. enough slow D. slowly enough

  ( )24.The driver is very ___. He often drives his car _____.

  A. careful ; careful B. carefully; carefully

  C. carefully ; careful D. careful ; carefully

  ( )25.Look! All the children are working ___ on the farm.

  A. careful B. hard C. busy D. happy

  ( )26.The population of Shanghai is ___ than that of Xi'an.

  A. smaller B. fewer C. much D. larger

  附Ⅰ--动词的四种形式

  A、动三单的变法

   1) "辅+y"结尾, 变y为i加es

   2) "以s; sh; ch; x; o结尾, 加es

   3)直接加s

  但have----has

  B、现在分词的变法

   1)去e加ing (e不发音)

   2)双写加ing ("辅元辅"结尾且重读,y;w列外)

   3)直接加ing

  写出下列动词的现在分词

  1.see_______2.come ________3.stop_______

  4.open _______5.listen_______6.drop ______

  7.prefer________8.fix_______ 9.relax ______

  10.die _______11.tie _______12.lie _______

  C、动词的过去式和过去分词

  (一)不规则变化(见课本不规则变化表P255)

  (二)规则变化

   1) "辅+y"结尾,变y为i加ed

   2)双写加ed

   3)直接加ed

  写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词

  1.drop ______ _______2.stop ______ ______

  3.prefer ________ _________

  4.study ______ ______5.try ______ ____

  6.fix _____ ______ 7.relax ______ ______

  附Ⅱ--情态动词(can/ could; may/ might; must; should)+动原

  1.must(必须)--needn't(不必)

   may(可以)--mustn't(不许;不准;不可以)

  2.注意几个题:

   1)-May I go with you?

   -No, you _________.

   2)-Must I turn off the light now?

   -Yes, you ______/ No, you _________

  附Ⅲ--动词不定式与动名词

  A、动词不定式作宾补

   1)tell / ask / want sb to do ______________

  否定式:tell/ask/want sb not to do __________

   ____________________

   2)省to不定式作宾补

  即:(l, m, n, 3h, 2看, 1f) sb do

  l-let; m-make; n-notice; 3h-hear, have, help; 2看-see, watch; 1f-feel

  但注意:1)help sb (to) do (to可省、可不省)

   2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原

  eg. Someone heard him sing in the room.

   He was heard to sing in the room.

  B、动词不定式与动名词的区别

  1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do

  2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise) doing



关键字:初三英语语法
生词表:
  • bridge [bridʒ] 移动到这儿单词发声 n.桥(梁);鼻梁;桥牌 四级词汇


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