§ Lesson 59 Collecting 收藏

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

●amass v. 积聚

●indiscriminate adj. 不加选择的

●clutter n. 一堆杂物

●string n. 细线

●requisite n. 必需品

●mania n. 癖好

●sketch n. 草图，图样

●remote adj. （机会，可能性）少的，小的

●strong-minded adj. 意志坚强的

●relaxation n. 休息，娱乐

●verify v. 查证，核实

●bearing n. 关系，联系

●like-minded adj. 志趣相投的

●specimen n. 标本

●constructively adv. 有益的，积极的

●contented adj. 心满意足的

●boredom n. 烦恼，无聊

给大家5分钟的时间复读课文，挑选出collect的同义词

Paragraph 1

amass

l.7 accumulate

collected

n.

collecting

treasure

l.20 collection

l.22 addition

l.23 hobby

l.25 the latest find

◆amass v. 积聚

gather: (小型)聚集

assemble: (大型) 集会

amass: （书面化）积聚, 所积累的东西有很高的价值

accumulate

collect: 收藏

collect stamps

collect matchboxes

collect tax

collect parcel

store / hold up: 大量贮藏

◆◆indiscriminate adj. 不加选择的

Eg: He is indiscriminate in making friends.

uncritical 不加以评判的

critical :批评的，批判的

Eg: He is uncritical while going shopping.

unselective 不加以选择的

haphazard adj. 任意的，无计划的

make haphazard remarks 妄加评论，随口乱说

random adj. & n. 任意的， 胡乱的

at random

Eg: This is my random guess.

casual adj. 随便的(漫不经心)

casually adv.

undiscriminating adj. 不加以区别的

discriminate: 加以选择

Read: undiscriminating; unselective; uncritical; haphazard; random; casual; at random; desultory

desultory : 随意的（无条理）

Eg: The careful study of a few books is better than the desultory reading og many.

◆clutter n. 一堆杂物

piles of junk / clutter litter that floor

◆string n. 细线

string : 连锁的

a string of: 一串

◆requisite n. 必需品

living resquisite

necessity: 生活必需品，必不可缺的因素

◆◆mania n. 癖好

have a mania for doing sth.: 有做某事的癖好 （狂热）

craze: 狂热，时尚

be crazy about

hobby: 很重视（不会忽略）

mania: 癖好（老年人）

desire: n. 做某事的强烈愿望

have desire for (to do ) sth.

madness n. 疯狂的行为

be mad about

insanity n. 疯狂（=madness）

insane adj. 失支理智的

Eg: His insanity is unexpected.

◆sketch n. 草图，图样

◆remote adj. （机会，可能性）少的，小的

slight

possibility / chance

Eg: The chances are remote that he will pass his examination.

good

The chances that he will leave the hospital for new year celebration are good.

◆strong-minded adj. 意志坚强的

◆relaxation n. 休息，娱乐

entertainment

◆◆◆verify vt. 查证，核实

Eg: You must verify the numbers / statistics.

verify the facts

certify : 证明，保证

confirm: 证实

Eg: My boss can confirm that I was here at that time.

document n. 文件； v. 用文件证明

Eg: Please document what you said just now.

I don't believe you. I only believe in document.

substantiate: 证明（某事有根据）

Eg: I can substantiate it.

validate: 使生效，确认，证实

valid: 有效的

Eg: We must validate the law.

When we use a new teaching method, we must validate it at first.

prove: 证明证实是否怎样

Read: verify / certify / confirm / document / validate / prove / substantiate

check

Eg: Please check the figures / statistics.

◆bearing n. 关系，联系

relation / connection

association: 联想

◆like-minded adj. 志趣相投的

Eg: We'd like to make friends with like-minded people.

◆specimen n. 标本

◆constructively adv. 有益的，积极的

◆◆◆contented adj. 心满意足的

pleased / satisfied / delighted

Eg: Robert was not only pleased with my arrival but also delighted with my little gift.

be contented with sth. / sb.

◆boredom n. 烦恼，无聊

monotonous / tedious / tired / tiresome / bored

【Text】

Lesson 59 Collecting 收藏

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What in particular does a person gain when he or she becomes a serious collector?

People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned. Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter. They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment. Things owned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste. Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites. Collecting small items can easily become a mania. I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money. As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-

minded to be able to stop the practice. It is a harmless bait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.

Collecting as a serous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy. One does not have to go outside for amuse-

ment, since the collection is housed at home. Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books. This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it. There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find. So one's circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen, for collectors are not confined to any one country. Over the years, one may well become an authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to larger audiences. In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to take about it. Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

参考译文

人们喜欢收藏东西，有时并没有意识到自己在这样做。确实，一旦无意之中从自己的收藏品中找到某件有用的东西时，可以给人一种惊喜的感觉。那些从来不必搬家的人们成了一种无所无容的收藏家。他们专门收藏那些只能被称作杂货的东西。他们在抽屉里，碗柜中、阁楼上堆放着一些不用的东西，一放就是好几年，相信总有一天需要的正好是那些东西。人们年老之后也喜欢收藏东西，不过是出于两个不同的原因：一是体力，精力均告不佳，这二者是清除无用的东西必不可少的因素；另一原因是感情因素。东西搁得时间久了，便会充满着与过去岁月的联系，比方说与死去的亲戚有关。因此这些东西慢慢获得了一种超出它本身的价值。

居家度日，有目的地收藏某些东西是为了防止浪费。这些东西中我想举出线绳和包装纸为例。节俭的人们打开包裹后便把这两样必备的东西收藏起来。省得日后去买。收集小玩艺儿很容易着迷。我认识一个人，她总喜欢从报纸上剪下流行服装的图样，等以后有钱时去买服装。由于她并不富裕，她买得起这些服装的可能性十分渺茫。但她又缺乏足够坚强的意志把这一收集活动停下来。这种习惯无害，只把写字台里堆得满满当当，以致每次打开抽屉总能带出许多纸片四处飞扬。

作为一种严肃的业余爱好的收藏活动完全是另外一回事，它具有许多益处。它可以使人在闲暇中得到休息，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣。人们不必走到户外去寻求娱乐，因为收藏品都是存放在家中。不管收藏品是什么，邮票、唱片、头版书籍、瓷器、玻璃杯、老式家具、绘画、模型汽车、鸟类标本，还是玩具动物，从为新增添的收藏品寻找摆放位置到核对参考书中的事实，总归有事可做。这种爱好不仅能使人从选择的专题中受到教育，而且也能从与之有关的一般事物中获得长进。除此之外，还有其他的益处。收藏者要会见情趣相投的收藏者，以获取教益，交流经验、交换收藏品，炫耀自己的最新收藏。朋友的圈子就这样不断扩大。用不了多久，有这种爱好的人便开始旅行，也许是去另一个城市参加会议，也可能是出国寻找一件珍品，因为收藏家是不分国籍的。一人积了多年经验会成为自己这种爱好的权威，很可能应邀在小型集会上作非正式的讲话。如果讲得好，可能向更多人发表演说。这样，你自信心不断增强，先是因为掌握一门学问，接下来是因为能够就此发表见解。收藏活动通过富有建设性地利用业余时间使人感到心满意足，不再有无聊之日。

【课文讲解】

注意写作风格，与L41和L43课完全不一样。

对比：分析事物之间的差异（通过事物比事物法）

背熟：People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.

amass possession

tend to: 喜欢，有...... 倾向

unaware of doing so

背熟：Things owned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

possession 财产，所有物 belongings

People tend to amass valuable items.

because they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

Eg: I can not estimate the true value of my photographs in terms of money.

Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.

It is a harmless bait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.

Collecting as a mania is a harmless habit

has many advantages / harmless habit

Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

Collecting as a serious hobby

回到第一自然段第2句

have a delightful surprise

I am a collector of what can be described as valuable stamps.

I know a person of what can be described as bookworm.

in the belief that == believe in

in the thought that == think in

Eg: I did so in the belief that you could help me.

I said so in the thought that I wouldn't hurt you.

under the impression that

Eg: I am under the impression that the diamonds are really beautiful.

very: 加强语气

at exactly that moment == at that very moment

belongings

Eg: I failed my examination for two reasons, lack of hard work, being late for the examination.

sentiment: 情感

sentimental 多愁善感的

deliberately

背熟：Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.

in an attempt to do sth.： 竭尽全力做某事

Eg"He rarely goes shopping in an attempt to save up.

thrifty == economical

save doing sth. 免掉做某事的麻烦

save the trouble of doing sth.

clothes--> purchase

sufficiently == enough 放在所修饰的adj. 前

practice: 个人的习惯做法 == mania == habit

every time == whenever

背熟：Collecting as a serous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy.

collection: 强调收藏品

collecting: 强调的是动作

Collecting stamps is my favourite hobby.

illustrate collecting

as: 就象什么一样

relacation ==entertainment: 休息，娱乐

treasures == valuable collection

amusement ==relaxation

is housed at home

whatever it consist of == whatever it is made up of

consist of == be made up of 由......组成

comprise, constitute

背熟：there is always something to do in connection with it，(it 指 collection )

From to 从什么到什么

背熟：This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.

not only... but also ...

have bearing on sth. 与什么密切相关

relation to, be related to, have relation to

advantage, privilege, benefit

notes == collection

find == collection

背熟：So one's circle of friends grows.

in search of == for

be confined to: 限定在什么区域范围之内

Eg: He is confined to the box.

We are confined to three meals.

over the years == as time goes on

well 用来加强语气

背熟： In this way self-confidence grows.

Collecting,by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

背熟：Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

L59 注意每一段的段首和段尾，通过对比来表述了两种不同的收藏。

make as if to do == pretend to do: 装着要做某事的样子

Eg: He made as if to help me.

make believe: 假装

Eg: He made believe that he knew everything about the secret.

make it ： 说定了，成功了

Eg: He thought he would arrive here at 8 o'clock and he made it

make up to : 奉承，献媚 kiss sb's boots, flatter

make a clean breast of == confess completely: 完全坦白

Eg: He made a clean breast of what he did to the girl.

【Vocabulary】P266

Choose five of the following words and phrases and give for each another word or phrase of similar meaning to that in which the word or phrase is used in the passage: amass (l.1); being aware (l.1); move house (l.4); attics (l.6); gradally acquire (l.10); thrifty (l.12); in very direction (l.17)

amass == accumulate

being aware == conscious

move house 搬家 move from our house to new one

attic: 阁楼 a small room directory below the roof of the building

gradually acquire == get / gain / obtain step by step 渐渐获得

thrifty == frugal ==economical ==not wasteful

in every directions == everywhere

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1 What differentiates the indiscriminate collector from the serious one?

a. What he collects is only of personal rather than communal interest.

b. He lacks the physical and mental energy to go out and about.

c. His possessions are varied but over the years they gain in value.

d. He confines his collection to the home and therefore does not travel.

differentiate: 与......不同，区别是什么

communal: 共同的，普遍的

2. The author's friend is typical of the indiscriminate collector in that____.

a. she keeps newspapers in the hope that one day they may come in useful

b. she collects sketches of clothes to save herself the cost of buying them

c. she is too narrow-minded to be able to stop a sentimental practice

d. she never gets round to sorting out the clutter she has acumulated

in that == because

get round to do: 抽时间来做某事

3 The serious collector can spend his leisure time____.

a. at home,as his collection is sufficient entertainment in itself

b. at the same time as looking joyfully at his treasures

c. educating himself and others by verifying facts in reference books

d. occupying himself by constructing a house for his collection

sufficient == ample == enough == adequate

Structure

4____belongings people accumulate. There are two reasons for this...(ll.7-9)

a. As they got older more b. In getting older there are more

c. Only when they get older, do more d. The older they get the more

5____in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.(l.ll)

a. People deliberately collect b. People deliberately collect some things

c. People collect deliberately d. People collect deliberately some things

deliberately应放在动词之前或宾语之后

6 ----but it litters up her desk____that every time she opens it...(ll.16-17)

a. so far b. as long as c. in as much d. so much

7 Something to do, from finding the right place ____ the latest addition to...(ll.21-22)

a. where he puts b. in order to put c. for to put d. to put

为何不能选a. 没有说明谁放置

不定式to做定语，所强调的内容是将要发生的

Eg: I want to get a pen to write with.

8 ----and then,if____successful,to larger audiences.(ll.28-29)

a. they will be b. one is c. it has been d. they were

如果表示任意的一个人，采用的最好的主语是one.

Vocabulary

9 Some things are collected____in the home so as to avoid waste.(l.ll)

a. systematically b. intentionally c. purposefully d. organizationally

deliberately: 深思熟虑地，精心考虑地

systematically: 有体系地

intentionally: 有意图地，经过考虑地，故意地

intend to do / intention / have intention to do / intentionally

purposely == on purpose : 有目的地

organizationally: 有组织地

10 Collecting as a serious hobby is____and has many advantages.(l.l8)

a. altogether separate b. rather unlike c. fairly diverse d. very distinguished

unlike: 强调事物的外在不同

diverse: 截然相反的

distinguished: (人) 杰出的，出色的，著名的

separate adj. 分开的

11 ----the right place for the latest addition to____facts in reference books.(ll.22-23)

a. insuring b. certifying c. identifying d. checking

原文用verify

certify / prove / check (核对)

certify: 证明，保证

identify: 确立，确立身份

12 ----but also in general matters which____. (ll.23-24)

a. stand up to it b. relate to it c. bear it out d. carry it off

have some bearing on it == have connection with it == be related to it : 与之相关的

stand up to it 经得起考验

bear out: 证明，证实

carry off: 成功完成（应付）

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B

如何用另一种写作方式来组织作文：

论说文（说明文和议论文的结合）：说明一种观点，然后用例证说服他人接受你的观点

论说文常用的风格：

1．阐述性的：针对某一问题下面阐述作者的观点，主要是针对某一事物或观点的必要性、重要性、正确性或优越性，危害性或内在实质进行阐述，只需要表明观点，申述理由即可：We need to broaden our English knowledge.

2．比较性的： 主要是比较两种或两种以上事物各自的优点、缺点，来论证一种比另一种更好，一般来讲写作方式有整体比较（事物比事物）， 逐项比较（事实比事实）: How to solve the problem of heavy traffic. 主要是在比较advantage / disadvantage

Lesson 45 ---- 阐述性的论说文

Lesson 41 ---- 比较性的论说文
关键字:新概念英语3册笔记
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