日本人口将全面进入老龄化阶段_英语听力_背单词

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Everything and nothing is gray about Japan's demographic profile decades down the line, according to the latest population estimates released Monday.

据周一公布的最新的人口估计，在未来的几十年里，日本人口将全面进入老龄化阶段。

In 50 years, about two out of every five people in Japan will be considered elderly -- someone who is 65 years or older, according to a report submitted on Monday by the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, an arm of the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry. That 40% of Japan's population is nearly double the current slice.

日本厚生劳动省(Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry)职能部门国立社会保障·人口问题研究所(National Institute of Population and Social Security Research)周一提交的一份报告显示，50年后，日本每五个人中就会有大约两人被认为是老龄人口──即65岁及65岁以上的人群。这一40%的比例几乎是目前水平的两倍。

As things stand, elderly residents here make up a global high of 23% of the population, above the 20% in Italy and Germany and 18% in Sweden. To paint a clear picture in U.S. terms: There are way more old people in Japan than in Florida -- the state with the highest proportion of senior citizens in the U.S. -- where elderly residents make up 17% of the population.

就目前的情况来看，日本老龄人口比例为23%，是全球最高水平，超过了意大利和德国20%和瑞典18%的水平。如果用美国的情况作比较，问题可能会更一目了然：日本的老龄人口比佛罗里达州还多──佛罗里达老龄人口比例为美国各州之首──为总人口的17%。

Though the demographic shift is moving at what appears to be a glacial speed, Japan will have hit a watershed moment in 2048, according to the latest estimates, when the population level is expected to sink below 100 million for the first time, a sizable dip compared to the 128.6 million logged in 2010. But it will be the disproportionate makeup of age groups that will likely stretch the country's social welfare systems far into unknown territory, when the country's younger, shrinking population has to accommodate the older, burgeoning age bracket.

根据一项最新的估计，尽管人口结构的变化速度似乎如冰川融化一般缓慢，日本到2048年就会遇到分水岭──人口数量将会首次跌破1亿。同2010年预测的1.286亿相比，数字上的微小差别仍然代表了较大的降幅。当这个国家缩水的更年轻的人口不得不供养膨胀的老迈人口时，比例失调的年龄构成可能会将国家的社会福利体系拖入未知的境地。

The sluggish birth rate is the main reason for this growing disparity. It is unable to keep pace with the accelerating number of annual deaths, which recently reached the highest tally since 1968. The country has struggled to replenish its retiring work force with sprightly young adults since the mid 1990s, with stricter immigration policies in place than in other countries doing little to help increase the numbers of younger people.

停滞不前的出生率是日本日益严重的人口结构失衡的主要原因。出生率无法赶上加速的每年死亡人数的增长步伐，最近，年死亡人数出现了1968年以来的最高值。从20世纪90年代中期开始，这个国家试图用生气勃勃的年轻人补充退休的劳动力的努力就异常艰难，而严于其他国家的日本现行移民政策显然也不会为增加年轻人口做出任何贡献。

The working-age population, defined as those between 15 to 64 years of age, has been on the downward slope since 1996, according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. The research institute, which last conducted a report in 2006, forecasts that in 2060 only 44.1 million people will fall within the working age bracket, or about half of the population.

根据日本总务省(Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications)的数据，从1996年起，被定义为15岁到64岁的劳动年龄段的人口数量就在下滑。曾在2006年出具过相关报告的研究机构预测，到2060年，将仅有4410万人，即总人口的一半属于劳动年龄适龄人口。

Yoree Koh